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非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法題的干擾項(xiàng)分析和答題技巧
近幾年的語(yǔ)法測(cè)試中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞約占31.1%，平均每年近5道題，可謂是語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目考查的重點(diǎn)，那么非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查都有哪些特點(diǎn)，解答時(shí)又應(yīng)注意些什么呢？下面我和大家就一起來(lái)分析一下：
1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考查特點(diǎn)
1) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的判斷
對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞區(qū)別的考查主要集中在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，如：
All things ___ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.(1999.1)
A. had been canceled B. have been canceled
C. were canceled D. having been canceled
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中有三個(gè)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，只有D是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，只要同學(xué)們能判斷出這里是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)，則不用考慮時(shí)態(tài)的問(wèn)題，答案自明。
2) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后不定式與動(dòng)名詞的選擇
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后接不定式還是接動(dòng)名詞也是四級(jí)語(yǔ)法測(cè)試中的一個(gè)題眼。如：
① I don't mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late.
(2000.1)
A. you to delay making B. your delaying making
C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make
② Had I remembered ____ the windows, the thief would not have
got in.(1996.1)
A. to close B. closing
C. to have closed D. having closed
③ Your hair wants ______ . You'd better have it done tomorrow.
A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut(1997.6)
這類題涉及三個(gè)方面：
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)該接不定式還是動(dòng)名詞？
即可接不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)和意思上有何差別？
不定式與動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式還是用被動(dòng)形式？
3) 做定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選擇
從近幾年的考查情況來(lái)看，對(duì)做定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查有兩種情況：
(1)對(duì)一般概念的考查，而不是固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)。如：
① The project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city's
telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.(1999.6)
A. accomplished B. being accomplished
C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished
② If I correct someone, I will do it with so much good humor
and self-restraint as if I were the one ______.(1996.6)
A. to correct B. correcting
C. having been corrected D. being corrected
同學(xué)們只要掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)的一般的規(guī)律,就可以判斷①題答案為C，②題答案為D。
(2)對(duì)固定結(jié)構(gòu)的考查，如：
① The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his
arguments in favor of the new theory.(2000.6)
A. to be based on B. to base on
C. which to base on D. on which to base
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