英語語法詳解 代詞（二）
內(nèi) 容 提 要代詞分人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞和連接代詞，它們在句子中承擔(dān)不同的功用。
反 身 代 詞
一、反身代詞有myself, ourselves, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself。主語與賓語為同一人或物時(shí)，要用反身代詞(否則就不能用反身代詞)，反身代詞也可放在名詞或代詞(主格)后面(也可放在句尾)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用
1) All ［A］ the scouts(童子軍) got theirselves ［B］ ready for the ［C］ long camping trip by spending their weekends living ［D］ in the open.
2) Various ［A］ animals have shells that keep themselves ［B］ from growing beyond ［C］ a certain ［D］ size.
3) Benjamin Banneker's aptitude ［A］ in mathematics ［B］ and knowledge of astronomy enabled himself ［C］ to predict the solar ［D］ eclipse of 1789.
4) The president announced that he himself ［A］ would act upon ［B］ the evidence as presented ［C］ to himself ［D］ by the congressional committee.
5) Garrett ［A］ Morgan died in Cleveland， Ohio， the city that ［A］ had awarded himself ［B］ a gold medal for his devotion ［C］ to public ［D］ safety.
6) Plants rid them ［A］ of excess water through ［B］ transpiration， the evaporation of extra ［C］ moisture from their ［D］ leaves.
7) When Jonathan went ［A］ to Spain with his ［B］ sister， he bought a ［C］ leather coat for her and another for him ［D］ .
二、例題解析
1) B錯(cuò)。 改為themselves。
2) B錯(cuò)。B處明顯指代animals，而它前面的主語that卻指代shells，也就是說"that"和"themselves"指的不是同一事物。由于主語與賓語不是同一物，故不能用反身代詞，應(yīng)改為賓格them。
3) C錯(cuò)。本句的主語為aptitude，而非Benjamin Banneker(在這里它作aptitude的定語)，而C處的代詞卻指上文提到的人名"Benjamin Banneker"，由于主語與賓語并非指同一人，故不能用反身代詞，應(yīng)改用賓格him。
4) D錯(cuò)。 改為to him。動(dòng)詞"presented"的(邏輯)主語是"evidence"，而不是A處的"he，"所以D"himself"處與C處"presented"的主語"evidence"不一致，所以不能用反身代詞。
5) B錯(cuò)。 改為him。同上。
6) A錯(cuò)。此處的them指主語plants，rid是及物動(dòng)詞，由于主語與賓語指同一物，故應(yīng)使用反身代詞themselves。
7) D錯(cuò)。 改為for himself。