英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法詳解 --ING分詞（二）

　　Seeing is believing.

　　His aims are learning two foreign languages and applying the theory he has learned to practice.

　　三、-ING分詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)

　　1. 一類是動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)后邊跟賓語(yǔ)的非限定性動(dòng)詞只能是-ING分詞，如：acknowledge, admit(坦白，承認(rèn)), advise, advocate, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, can't help, consider, contemplate(深思), delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape(躲過(guò)，避開(kāi)), excuse, fancy, finish, give up, imagine, include, keep on, justify, mean(意味著，等于), mind(在乎), miss, postpone, practise, prohibit, put off, quit, recall, regret, resist, resume, risk(冒險(xiǎn)干…), suggest, threaten。

　　5) By taking the back way he escaped .

　�。跘］ to be seen ［B］ have been seen ［C］ seeing ［D］ being seen

　　6) I came late and missed Jack winning.

　�。跘］ to see［B］ seeing［C］ see［D］ seen

　　7) "I see our boss coming down the hall."

　　"Then we'd better quit and get down to business."

　�。跘］ talking［B］ to talk［C］ from talking［D］ having talk

　　8) The young doctor first ［A］ practised to use ［B］ the needles on ［C］ his own ［D］ wrist.

　　9) Some experts have advocated to bring ［A］ that country into ［B］ the talks, to revive the intermittent dialogue ［C］ that began ［D］ after the 1967 Middle East War.

　　2. 另一類動(dòng)詞后邊作賓語(yǔ)的非限定性動(dòng)詞可以是-ING分詞的動(dòng)名詞，也可以是動(dòng)詞不定式，如：attempt, begin, can't bear, cease, continue, deserve, endure, forget, go on, hate, intend, like, love, need, neglect, omit, plan, prefer, propose, regret, remember, start , stop, try等。(動(dòng)詞后接-ING和不定式時(shí)在用法上的區(qū)別在下一章講)

　　10) "What's wrong with Henry?""He needs ."

　　［A］ cheer up［B］ to be cheer up［C］ cheering up［D］ to cheered up

　　11) Any such news would start her .

　�。跘］ to worry［B］ worrying［C］ worry［D］ worried

　　3. -ING分詞作賓語(yǔ)還有下一結(jié)構(gòu)，即用it代表-ING分詞，而把-ING分詞短語(yǔ)放到句子的后邊去

　　I consider it worthwhile spending ten thousand yuan on the furniture.／Marry fount it marvellous having a journey with him.

　　四、 -ING結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

　　幾乎所有介詞，不管是單個(gè)介詞還是介詞詞組，不管它們是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的組成部分與否，都能用-ING分詞的動(dòng)名詞作其賓語(yǔ)。所以，-ING結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候很多。-ING結(jié)構(gòu)一般作介詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)，主要有以下搭配關(guān)系

　　1. 動(dòng)詞＋介詞＋ -ING

　　12) Scientists measure the hardness ［A］ of a material ［B］ by comparatively ［C］ with a table of ten well-known ［D］ metals.

　　13) Her mother did not ［A］ approve of her to go ［B］ to the party without dressing ［C］ formally ［D］ .

　　14) Although many women's colleges ［A］ have been coeducational ［B］ , other universities remain committed to keep ［C］ their facilities separate ［D］ .

　　15) We insist on you leave ［A］ the place before ［B］ any further ［C］ disturbances take place ［D］ .

　　2. 名詞(形容詞，不及物動(dòng)詞)＋介詞to(不要把它視為動(dòng)詞不定式的標(biāo)志)。下面是大綱中所列短語(yǔ)中的"to"為介詞：(be) contrary to (與…相反),object(objection)to (反對(duì)), with a view to (為…起見(jiàn))，(be) opposed to (反對(duì))， in contrast to (與…成對(duì)比),be used to (習(xí)慣于), be exposed to, be dedicated to (致力于),resort to (訴諸于), as to (關(guān)于), be accustomed to (習(xí)慣于), be devoted to (獻(xiàn)身于), be committed to (委身于), react to (對(duì)…反應(yīng)), with regard to (關(guān)于), look forward to (期待), contribute to (貢獻(xiàn))，owe to由于，歸功于等

　　16) I have no objection the evening with them.

　�。跘］ to spend ［B］ to spending ［C］ to have spent ［D］ to have to spend

　　17) Why do you object to the direction?

　　［A］ following ［B］ follow ［C］ have follow ［D］ have been followed

　　18) Mr. Brown often wore ［A］ a heavy coat ［B］ because he was not used to live ［C］ in such a ［D］ cold climate.

　　19) Livy was the ［A］ only great historian of the time ［B］ , and he devoted his attention to give ［C］ the world splendid ［D］ pictures.

　　3. 動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞＋ -ING

　　I look forward to her coming soon.

　　4. 形容詞(或具有形容詞性質(zhì)的-ED分詞)＋介詞＋ -ING

　　I am proud of having such a son.

　　He is greatly honored of shaking hands with the President.

　　It's impossible for him finishing the task in such a short time.

　　He is interested in playing table tennis.

　　5. 表示征詢意見(jiàn)的 "How about…?", "What…about?"

　　How about going there?

　　What about having a concert?

　　20) How about to the movies tonight?

　�。跘］ going［B］ if go［C］ to go［D］ if we go

　　6. 前面省略了介詞in的-ING慣用法

　　The two children are busy doing their homework.

　　Mr. Smith has difficulty fulfilling the task.

　　There is no use going over the lessons before the night of exam.

　　He has spent a lot of time preparing the exam for the postgraduate.

　　Xiao Li lost no time catching up with his classmates.

　　There is no point arguing with him.

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