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英語語法與慣用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
一、語法與慣用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)：習(xí)慣上后接in doing sth的常見名詞
1.delay 耽擱; 延遲，拖延
用于delay in doing sth，表示“在做某事方面的耽擱”。如：
Excuse me for my delay in answering your letter.
遲復(fù)為歉。
My delay in going abroad is due to my illness.
我推遲出國是由于我生病了。
2. delight 快樂，樂趣
用于delight in doing sth，表示“做某事的樂趣”“以做某事為樂”。如：
He finds delight in giving to others.
他以助人為樂。
I find a perverse delight in listening to traffic.
我從聽車流噪音中找到一種怪異的樂趣。
注意有用結(jié)構(gòu)take delight in doing sth(喜歡做某事，從做某事中取樂)。如：
She took delight in teasing me.
她老愛跟我開玩笑。
Now many people take delight in watching TV.
現(xiàn)在許多人都喜歡看電視。
He takes great delight in proving others wrong.
他的極大樂趣是證實(shí)別人錯(cuò)了。
3. harm 危害
用于 harm in doing sth，表示“做某事的危害”，尤其用于no harm in doing sth結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
What’s the harm in having a little fun?
開點(diǎn)玩笑有什么不好?
He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him.
他可能幫不了忙，但是求他一下倒也無妨。
The problem may not arise, but there’s no harm in keeping our powder dry.
問題不一定會(huì)發(fā)生，但有備無患并無害處。
4. interest 興趣
表示做某事的興趣，其后通常接in doing sth。如：
I have an interest in learning about computers.
我對(duì)學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)有興趣。
My cousin expressed an interest in seeing where I work.
我的表親說有興趣看一看我工作的地方。
These arguments suggest that the medical establishment had an interest in suppressing the research.
這些證據(jù)表明醫(yī)學(xué)權(quán)威曾有意禁止這項(xiàng)研究。
5. success 成功
用于success in doing sth，表示“在做某事方面成功”“成功做成某事”。如：
Did you have any success in persuading her to come?
你說服了要她來嗎?
She had little success in getting new customers.
她沒能贏得什么新顧客。
I’ve had some success in getting rid of the weeds.
我除草干得頗為出色。
二、語法與慣用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)：習(xí)慣上后接on doing sth的名詞
1. ban 禁止
用于ban on doing sth，表示“對(duì)做某事的禁止”“禁止做某事”。如：
We have put a ban on smoking.
我們已禁止吸煙。
There should be a ban on talking loudly in cinemas.
應(yīng)該禁止在電影院大聲說話。
The government has announced the ban on gambling.
政府宣布不準(zhǔn)的禁令。
2. concentration 專注，集中精力
用于concentration on doing sth，表示“專注做某事”。如：
concentration on providing quality value and service .
專注提供價(jià)值和服務(wù)
3. constraint 限制
用于constraint on doing sth，表示“對(duì)做某事的限制”“限制做某事”。如：
Constraints on spending have forced the company to rethink its plans.
開支受到限制使這家公司不得不重新考慮它的計(jì)劃。
4. curb控制，約束
用于curb on doing sth，表示“對(duì)做某事的控制(約束)”。如：
Many companies have imposed curbs on smoking in the workplace.
許多公司已經(jīng)限制在工作場所吸煙。
5. insistence 堅(jiān)持
用于insistence on doing sth，表示“對(duì)做某事的堅(jiān)持”“支持做某事”。如：
She called him a male chauvinist because of his insistence on calling all women “girls”.
她說他是一個(gè)大男子主義者，因?yàn)樗麍?jiān)持把所有的女人叫做“女孩”。
He admired your insistence on understanding things and making your point, even when he preferred his own.
雖然他偏向于自己的觀點(diǎn)是對(duì)的，但他還是很佩服你這種理解事情和把自己的觀點(diǎn)解釋清楚的堅(jiān)持精神
三、語法與慣用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)：慣用語as it is的理解與用法
用法一：其中的as 表示“像……一樣”“按……的樣子”，as it is 的意思是“像它現(xiàn)在的這個(gè)樣子”“按原樣”“按照它實(shí)際的情況”。如：
Leave it as it is.
聽其自然。
It’s good enough as it is.
照現(xiàn)在這個(gè)樣子已經(jīng)很不錯(cuò)了。
They agree to buy the house just as it is.
他們同意照房子原狀買下來。
用于二：表示對(duì)目前的情況所作出的判斷，尤其強(qiáng)調(diào)目前的情況與原來料想的不一樣。通常譯為“實(shí)際上”“照現(xiàn)狀看”“看樣子”。如：
We can’t take on any more work—we’re fully stretched as it is.
我們不能再接別的工作了，我們已是在拼命了。
He seemed to be around fifty, but as it was, he was over sixty.
他看上去只有 50歲左右，但事實(shí)上他已經(jīng)60多歲了。
As it is, he is a noble-hearted man with profound thinking.
事實(shí)上，他是一個(gè)心靈高尚，思想深刻的人。
I thought I might be transferred but as it is I shall have to look for a new job.
我以為我可能調(diào)動(dòng)工作，照目前情況看我得另找工作了。
We were hoping to have a holiday next week—as it is, we may not be able to get away.
我們原來盼望著下星期放假——看樣子走不了了。
I hoped things would get better, but as it is they are getting worse.
我本來是希望情況會(huì)變好的，可照現(xiàn)在的樣子看，情況是越來越糟。
用法三：表示“已經(jīng)”“早就是”，與 already相似。如：
Just keep quiet—you’re in enough trouble as it is.
不要吵鬧，你們?nèi)堑穆闊┮呀?jīng)不少了。
I can’t help—I’ve got too much to do as it is.
我不能幫忙了——我已經(jīng)有不少工作了。
Don’t say anything else; you’re in enough trouble as it is.
不要再說了，你現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)夠麻煩的啦。
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