英語語法知識點[優(yōu)選]
在學習中，大家最不陌生的就是知識點吧！知識點也不一定都是文字，數學的知識點除了定義，同樣重要的公式也可以理解為知識點。為了幫助大家掌握重要知識點，以下是小編整理的英語語法知識點，歡迎大家分享。
![英語語法知識點[優(yōu)選]](https://p.9136.com/00/l/d6aacab606_5fbf7eb6aec04.jpg)
英語語法知識點1
一般現在時的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的.。
2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。
3.表示客觀現實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。
一般現在時的標志詞：often, usually, sometimes, every等
一般現在時的構成
主語+動詞原形。
如： We study English. 我們學習英語。
當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she, it，my father等)時
主語(三單)+動詞的三單形式(要在動詞后加
如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
一般現在時的變化
否定句：主語+ don"t( doesn"t ) +動詞原形(+其它)。 如： I don"t like bread. He doesn"t like bread, too.
一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。 如： Do you go to school by bike? Yes, I do. / No, I don"t.
當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用does構成一般疑問句。 如： Does she go to school by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn"t.
特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How dou you go to school? How does your father go to work?
動詞的第三人稱單數的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, make-makes
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，如： wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 但play-plays
不規(guī)則變化：have-has
英語語法知識點2
名詞是表示人、事物、地點、現象及其他抽象概念等名稱的詞。英語中的名詞有可數名詞和不可數名詞之分;有其所有格形式;在句子中通常作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語等。
02-3 名詞所有格
名詞所有格是表示名詞所屬關系的一種形式。名詞所有格的構成有's所有格、of所有格、to所有格和雙重所有格四種形式。
1.“'s”所有格。
(1)概念與形式
一般情況下，表示有生命的人或物，在單詞末尾直接加's 表示所有格。如：the boy's mother 男孩的母親;Tom's bike湯姆的自行車;the children's toys孩子們的玩具。
(2)'s 所有格使用7注意：
�、僖詓結尾的復數名詞，其所有格形式只在詞尾加“'”。如：the teachers' office教師辦公室;the students' books學生用書。
�、诒硎緝烧呋騼烧咭陨瞎餐�，把's 加在最后一個名詞上。如：Lucy and Lily's room 露西和莉莉的房間(兩人共同的房間)
�、郾硎靖髯該碛心臣䱷|西時，每個名詞后都要用所有格形式。如：
Lucy's and Lily's rooms 露西和莉莉的房間(兩人各自擁有自己的房間)
�、鼙硎緯r間、距離、金額、重量、國家、城市等的詞，它們的所有格用's 的形式。如：two days' trip兩天的旅行;today's newspaper 今天的報紙;two hours' walk兩小時的徒步路程;ten minutes' drive 十分鐘的車程;three dollars' worth三美元的價值;China's weather中國的天氣;Beijing's streets北京的街道
It's about twenty minutes' walk from my home to school.從我家到學校步行大約二十分鐘。
�、荼硎镜赇�、醫(yī)院、學校、住宅及公共建筑時、名詞所有格后常常不出現它所修飾的名詞。如：at the doctor's 在醫(yī)務室;at Tom's (home)在湯姆家;at the tailor's (shop)在裁縫店;at the butcher's (shop)在肉鋪;at the barber's (shop)在理發(fā)店。
⑥有時為了避免重復，如果一個被名詞所有格修飾的名詞指上文中已經提到過，或兩個名詞所有格所修飾的名詞相同，往往可以省略第二個所有格后的名詞。如：
It's not Jane's mistake，but it's Jack's (mistake).這不是簡的錯，而是杰克的錯。
�、哂⒄Z中常用 's 或s'表示的節(jié)日名稱：
Children's Day兒童節(jié);Women's Day婦女節(jié);Teachers' Day教師節(jié);Mother's Day母親節(jié);Father's Day父親節(jié);New Year's Day新年;April Fool's Day愚人節(jié);Valentine's Day情人節(jié)。
2.“of+名詞”所有格
表示無生命的物體的名詞一般與of 一起構成短語，表示所有關系。如：the windows of the room 房間的窗戶;the cover of the book書的封面;the title of the film 電影的名字
注意：
表示有生命的東西的名詞，在某些情況也可用of+名詞表示所有關系：the works of Marx，Engles，Lenin and Stalin 馬克思、恩格斯、列寧、斯大林的著作;the name of the girl wearing a new skirt穿著新裙子的那個女孩的名字。
3.“to+名詞”所有格。
當key，answer，way，bridge，entrance，exit等表示所屬時，要用to 表示所屬關系。如：the key to the door門上的鑰匙;the answer to the question問題的答案;the bridge to the knowledge通往知識的橋;the way to our school去學校的路;the entrance(exit)to the shop商店的入口(出口)
[歌訣巧記]
答案鑰匙橋，道路出入口，如果表所有，介詞to打頭。
4.雙重所有格
(1)概念與形式
把of所有格與's所有格結合在一起表示所有關系稱為雙重所有格。雙重所有格的結構形式為：名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞或's所有格。
(2)雙重所有格的3種作用
�、俦硎尽捌渲兄弧被颉捌渲幸徊糠帧保@時of所有格和雙重所有格在單句中意義比較接近，只是側重點略有不同。如：
He is a friend of my father's=He is one of my father's friends.他是我父親的一個朋友(著重說明我父親不止一個朋友)。
He is a friend of my father.=He is my father's friend.他是我父親的朋友。(著重說明他是我父親的朋友)
②表示部分概念，在所修飾的名詞前往往有一個表示數量的詞。如a，two，some，any，several，few，no，many等。如：
a work of Mo Yan's莫言作品中的一部;
a latest work of Mo Yan's 莫言的一部最新作品;
another work of Mo Yan's 莫言的另一部作品;
any work of Mo Yan's 莫言的任何一部作品;
some/most/many works of Mo Yan's 莫言作品中的一些作品/大多數作品/很多作品;
several works of Mo Yan's 莫言的幾部作品;
a work of hers/his/theirs/ours/yours 她/他/他們/我們/你們的'一部作品。
�、郾硎举潛P、批評或厭惡等感情色彩。一般所修飾的名詞前有一個指示代詞this，that，those，these等。
That performance of girls' was excellent.女孩們的那個節(jié)目精彩極了。(含贊賞意味)
I hated those words of Mary's.我討厭瑪麗的那些話。(含厭惡情緒)
I like the bike of my brother's.我喜歡我弟弟的這輛自行車。
That car of my uncle's is made in America.我叔叔的那輛汽車是美國制造的。
Look at those books of Henry's.看亨利的那些書!(多么亂啊!)
(3)雙重所有格與of所有格疑難解析
�、賏 photo of Jack's與a photo of Jack
前者為雙重所有格，指杰克所擁有的一張照片，照片上的人不一定是杰克本人;后者of所有格，指照片上的人就是杰克。
�、赼 friend of my father's與a friend of my father
前者指多個朋友中的一個;后者指的是朋友關系，而不是其他關系。
He is a friend of my father's.他是我父親的一個朋友。
He is a friend of my father.他是我父親的朋友。
【中考速遞】
1.[山東東營中考考題] — Are you sure this is a photo _____，the famous comedy actress?
— It surprised you，didn't it?But she was once really thin.
A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling's
C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling's
2.[青海省中考考題] — What is _____ brother?
— He is a policeman.
A.Jim's and Paul's B.Jim and Paul
C.Jim and Paul's
3.[廣東省中考考題]Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on _____ Day.
A.Woman B.Women C.Woman's D.Women's
4.[新疆烏魯木齊中考考題] — It's easy to travel from Urumqi to Lanzhou by taking high-speed railway.
— Yes.It's only _____.
A.eight hours ride B.eight hour's ride
C.eight-hours ride D.eight hours' ride
5.[黑龍江龍東中考考題] — Whose room is this?Is it the _____?
— Yes，it is _____ .
A.twins';Tom and Tim's B.twin's;Tom's and Tim's
C.twins';Tom and Tim
【答案點撥】
1.答案：C 句意：“你確信這是那個著名喜劇女演員賈玲的照片嗎?”“這出乎你的意料了，是嗎?但她曾經確實很瘦�！盩he photo of Jia Ling和The photo of Jia Ling's都表示賈玲的照片，后者表示照片屬于賈玲，但照片上的人不一定是賈玲本人，而前者表示照片上的人是賈玲本人。由句意可知選C。
2.答案：C 句意：“吉姆和保羅的哥哥是做什么的?”“他是警察�！庇删湟饪芍莾扇斯餐瑩碛�，應在最后一個名詞后加所有格's，故選C。
3.答案：D 句意：凱瑟琳在婦女節(jié)收到來自她丈夫的一打玫瑰，她非常興奮�！皨D女節(jié)”英語是Women's Day，故選D。
4.答案：D 句意：“乘高鐵從烏魯木齊到蘭州非常容易�！薄笆堑�。只有八小時的路程。”以s結尾的復數名詞所有格直接在詞尾加“'”，表示“八小時的路程”用eight hours' ride，故選D。
5.答案：A 句意：“這是誰的房間?它是那雙胞胎的嗎?”“是的，它是Tom和Tim的。”根據句意可知這兩個空都要用所有格形式，排除C項;根據問句的room可知是一個房間，排除B項。故選A。
英語語法知識點3
1.主語：
表示句子所說的是“什么人”或“什么事兒”，一般由名詞，代詞或相當于名詞的詞或者短語充當
例如：Gina is from Australia.
She often goes to the movies.
This kind of juice tastes good!
2.謂語：
主語發(fā)出的動作。一般是有動作意義的動詞。謂語和主語在人稱和數兩個方面必須保持一致。
例如：We are both quiet.
He has a smart phone.
You should study harder.
Her parents are teachers.
3.賓語：
分為動詞賓語和介詞賓語，屬于動作的承受者。
例如：He's playing soccer.
Good food and exercise help me to study harder.
4.系動詞：
表示狀態(tài)或狀態(tài)變化的動詞，沒有實際的動作意義。如be,感官系動詞（look, sound, smell, taste和feel）、保持類系動詞（keep, stay和remain）、狀態(tài)變化類系動詞（become、get、turn和go）等。
This picture looks so beautiful.
Keep working, you will see the post office on your right.
5.表語：
緊跟系動詞后面的成分。說明主語是什么或者怎么樣，由n. adj.或者相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或者短語，和系動詞一起構成謂語。
例如：Her mother is a bank clerk.
Are you ready?
We were at home last night.
6.定語：
修飾名詞或代詞的成分。作定語的出形容詞外，還有代詞、數詞、名詞、介詞短語或相當于形容詞的'詞或者短語。
例如：Peel three bananas.
What's your name, please?
She's a good basketball player.
7.狀語：
修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞或句子的成分。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時間地點目的方式程度等意義。通常有副詞、介詞短語或相當于的副詞的詞或短語來表示。
例如：People are all working hard.
Beijing is not very cold in winter.
8.補語：
分為賓語補足語和主語補足語。是對賓語和主語的補充說明，與其有主動或被動的邏輯關系。
例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你應該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。
�。╕ou是主語，should keep是謂語，the room是賓語，clean and tidy是賓語補足語。）
This kind of food tastes delicious.
這種食物吃起來很可口。
（This kind of food是主語，tastes是系動詞，delicious是表語。）
注意：主語、謂語、賓語、系動詞、表語、補語是一個句子的主干成分；定語和狀語是一個句子的修飾性成分，不是主干成分。
英語語法知識點4
1. 省略句的定義
省略是為了避免重復、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種語法 修辭手段。省略在語言中， 尤其在對話中，是一種十分普遍的現象。
2.小品詞的.省略
1 )省略介詞
I ‘ ve studied English (for) five years. 我已學五年英語了。
2 )省略連詞that
I believe (that) you will succeed . 我相信你們會成功的。
It ’ s a pity (that) he ‘ s leaving. 他要走，真遺憾。
I ’ m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她會幫你的。
注：在賓語從句中，當有兩個及以上并列從句時，第一個that可省，以后的均不可省。
3 )省略關系代詞
I ‘ ll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都給你。
3.句子成分的省略
1 )省略主語
Beg your pardon. (我)請你原諒。( Beg 前省略了主語 I )
Take care！ 保重！( Take 前省略了主語 you )
Looks as if it will rain. 看起來象要下雨。( Looks 前省略了主語 it )
2 )省略謂語
Who next？ 該誰了？( Who 后面省略了謂語 comes )
The river was deep and the ice thin. ( ice 后面省略了 was )
We ’ ll do the best we can. 我們將盡力而為。( can 后面省略了動詞do )
3 )省略表語
Are you ready？ Yes， I am. 你準備好了嗎？ 我準備好了。( am 后面省略了 ready )
He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他還是象年輕時那樣，是一位運動 愛好者。( had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports )
4 )省略賓語
Let ‘ s do the dishes. I ’ ll wash and you ‘ ll dry. 讓我們洗碗吧，我來 洗，你來揩干。( wash 和 dry 后面省略了賓語 dishes )
5 )省略定語
He spent part of the money， and the rest he saved. 那錢他花了部分，其余的他都存了起 來。( the rest 后面省略了定語 of the money )
6 )省略狀語
He was not hurt. Strange！ 他沒有受傷，真奇怪！( Strange 前面省略了狀語 how )
英語語法知識點5
很多人都有看過美國電影，其實看電影學習英語也是不錯的方式，可以保持對學習的新鮮感，搭配字幕觀看，還有助于記憶單詞，幫助糾正不良的口語習慣。
聽英文歌也是很多人都喜歡做的事，它也可以幫助我們學習英語，可以學習歌詞中單詞的連接以及如何將語句寫的通順并且有美感，還可以鍛煉英文寫作能力。
也可以看原聲新聞和聽廣播電，節(jié)目中主持人和播報原都經過專業(yè)訓練，英語讀音規(guī)范化，聽的過程中可以學習語句的發(fā)音特點以及單詞的使用，對于英語口語訓練有很大的幫助。
英語的學習在日常生活中也會用到。最開始說英語可能會說的`不好但是要有信心，你只有將其表達出來，才會發(fā)現自己的不足并去彌補。
做任何事情都要堅持，尤其是語言學習，在語言學習中如果間斷，知識會出現遺漏。對單詞的記憶會模糊，句子表達不準確，所以要每天給自己制定目標堅持下去。
單詞是英語學習的基礎，背誦單詞需要每天計劃好背誦量，將不熟悉的單詞記錄下來第二天再進行學習。學習一段時間后可以給自己來個小測驗，溫故而知新。
英語語法知識點6
Asking about Health（詢問健康）
A．Asking:
1、How are you these days?
2、What's wrong with you?
3、Have you seen the doctor?
4、You look tired.What's wrong?
B．Responses:
1、I'm not quite myself today.
2、My stomach hurts
3、I don't feel like eating anything today.
4、I've got a bad cold.
【專項訓練】
1、—How's your brother these days?
—He hasn't been well.
—______ What's the matter?
A．It's bad.B．I'm sorry to hear that.C．Very badly.D．Why?
2、—I haven't seen Bob lately.______
—As a matter of fact,he is ill.
A．Where is he?B．Why?C．How is he?D．What does he do?
3、—You sound as if you've got a cold.
—______.
—Get a good rest.
A．Yes,as if B．I've been over-working C．I don't think so D．I hope not
4、—I'm afraid I've got a bad cold.
—______.
A．Never mind B．Keep away from me
C．Better go and see a doctor D．You need to take medicine
5、—John has caught a bad cold.
—______.
A．It's too bad B．I don't believe it C．I'm sorry to hear that D．Take it easy
6、—______,Wang?
—I've got a headache and I feel chilly.
A．What's wrong B．What the matter is C．What is matter D．How about you
7、—My stomach hurts.I feel sick.
—For safety's sake,______.
A．go to see a doctor tomorrow B．Better to go to hospital
C．you'd better see a doctor at once D．Quick go to hospital
KEYS
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.C
今天的內容就介紹到這里了。
英語語法知識點7
1. be動詞的否定式
be 動詞根據不同的人稱和時態(tài)有不同的形式，在一般現在時中是am , is , are可用作聯系動詞，構成否定式時，一律在其后面加否定詞not.
He is reading. --- He is not reading. They are from China. --- They are not from China.
2. 情態(tài)動詞的否定式
情態(tài)動詞的否定式是在其后面直接加not. 如：
I can swim. --- I can’t swim. He can dance. --- He can’t dance. You should go to school at seven. --- You shouldn’t go to school at seven.
3. 實義動詞的否定句
實義動詞變否定句時，要借助助動詞do , does，在一般現在時中用do或者does其句子結構為：主語+ don’t / doesn’t + 動詞原形+其它 例如：
I like pop music. --- I don’t like pop music. He likes running. --- He doesn’t like running.
She does her homework at home. --- She doesn’t do her homework at home
初中英語句型分類知識點詳解：一般否定句與特指否定句
1. 一般否定句
句型1[主語+特殊定式動詞+not+行為動詞或表語+其他]
1. China of today is not what it was thirty years ago.
2. "Isn't that Teddy Thomson out?"-"I think it's him, but I can't be a hundred percent sure."
3. "Oh, sir, he can't have said such a thing! He can't have spoken like that to you, sir!"
4. We must not wait for favors from Nature; we must take them from her.
5. I haven't finished the book yet. 6. Money could not buy happiness.
[注1] He is no fool. Great barkers are no biters.
[注2] 二十四個特殊定式動詞：
句型2[主語+do(does, did)+ not+行為動詞+其他]
1. Sorrow doesn't buy bread. 2. Pure gold does not dread fire.
3. "Why is Mr. Cooper so angry today?"-"I don't know why."
4. "They did not steal so much."-"I don't care how much." He said, "… A thief is a thief."
句型3[主語+ 行為動詞+ no/not+賓語+其他]
1. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
2. Viola, hearing this, knew not how to behave, nor how to answer her.
3. I know not what course others may take, but, as for me, give me liberty or give me death!
4. We are fleet-winged men at arms; we fear not mountains high or rivers deep.
句型4[There be+ no/not/not any+主語(+狀語)]
1. There was no well in the village at that time.
2. Oliver Twist was born in a workhouse… There were no aunts, no sisters, no cousins, no grand mothers.
3. There is not a moment to be lost. 4. There is no holding back the wheel of history
[附注] 一般否定句的其他表達方式：
1. Who knows it? (=No one knows it.) Dare he do it? (=He dare not do it.)
2. God only knows! (=No one knows.) As if I would allow it! (= I would certainly not allow it.)
3. Catch me doing that!
4. If I do I am a villain. (=I will not do.) Do that again if you dare.
5. In Heaven, an angel is nobody in particular. They shun personal fame and gains.
6. The city and the areas around it are an ice-free port and a nuclear weapon-free zone. The building is in a state of neglect.
7. She stood still, trying winly (in vain) to answer the battery of questions raised by the reporters.
8. I dislike the idea very much. Mr. White has refrained from making any official comment on the coup in that country. Yesterday she failed to get to school on time. The evidence is conclusive, excluding all possibilities of doubt. They excluded children (from) getting in. We'll forever live up to what the party expects of us. Avoid operating the keys roughly. She was refused admittance by them.
9. Slips are scarcely avoidable when you're new to your work. He is ignorant of conditions at the levels. Our PLA is worthy of being called a great army pf the people.
10. The meetings were marked by such an absence of lively discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. Lei Feng's noble deeds are above all praise. To do this is beyond my ability. He is out of the office. (= He is not in the office.) Tom is away from Cambridge. (= Tom is not at Cambridge.) It is far from perfect. That served to strengthen instead of weaken our determination (or: That strengthened, rather than weakened, our determination.) The truth is quite other than what you think. I know better than to quarrel.
2. 特指否定句
句型5[…not+非謂語成分…]
1. Not a soul was anywhere visible. 2. You must always remember not to become conceited.
3. The teacher told his pupils not to make such a mistake again.
4. I went to see him off, not to meet him. 5. We felt sorry for not coming on time
句型6[主語+否定式謂語+(賓語)+狀語或從句(被否定部分)]
1. I don't think it is right to make such hasty decision. 2. I'm not feeling very well today.
3. I don't believe that he will come tomorrow.
4. You can't judge a thing only by its looks.
5. He's studying English now, but he doesn't speak English very well yet.
6. People did not shake off colonialist's yoke in order to put on hegemonist's yoke.
7. Don't think ill of me because I use her help. She gives it cheerfully as you see…
返回：初中英語句型分類知識點詳解
初中英語句型分類知識點詳解：部分否定句與全體否定句
部分否定句
句型7[All, every等總括詞…not+謂語動詞…]
1. All is not gold that glitters. 2. All is not lost that is in peril.
3. And yet all did not go smoothly between them, for the younger man…h(huán)ad his heart set on New York.
4. I don't like both of the novels. 5. Every one cannot make music.
6. Everybody, it is true, wouldn't like it. 7. Such a thing is not found everywhere.
8. The good and the beautiful do not always go together.
9. A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom. 10. I don't wholly agree.
[注] Some people like that sort of thing; Some don't.
全體否定句
句型8[no, none等否定詞…+肯定式謂語+其他]
1. Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it.
2. No trickery can fool us. 3. None of my friends smoke.
4. I could remember neither the name of the author nor the title of the book.
5. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
6. The book was nowhere to be found. 7. Neither of the sisters is here.
8. Never have we been daunted by difficulties.
句型9[主語+否定式謂語+不定代詞或不定副詞]
1. I do not know any of them. 2. I did not receive any letters yesterday.
3. I don't like either of the novels. 4. Justice must not be denied to anyone.
5. Did you go any where yesterday?-No, I didn't go anywhere yesterday.
6. Anyhow I shall not go today.
[注] 不可說 "anybody cannot do it." 只能說 "nobody can do it."
句型10[All等概括詞+肯定式謂語+含否定意義的單詞…]
1. All germs are invisible to the naked eye. 2. All his plans came to nothing.
3. Both visitors are unwelcome. 4. Every plan made by him is impossible of execution.
5. We all disbelieve in the existence of God. 6. Their quarrels are always interminable.
返回：初中英語句型分類知識點詳解
初中英語句型分類知識點詳解：延續(xù)否定句與半否定句
延續(xù)否定句
句型11[(前句)否定句，+(后句)否定句]
1. "Oh, no, no, no and again no," said Pinocchio. "I must be a good boy."
2. "Am I troubling you?"-"no, not in the least."
3. I shall never do it, not under any circumstances.
4. We must not think of him as a big, strong boy. Far from it!
5. I don't know how much you've got, and I dare say you hardly know yourself, as it would take a pretty long time to count it.
句型12[(前句) 主語+否定式謂語…，( 后句)not+ (同前)主語]
1. I'll not do such a thing, not I. 2. He will not break his word, not he.
3. They will not be discouraged, not they. 4. Tom cannot speak Russian, not he.
句型13[(前句) 否定句，+ ( 后句)not/neither]
1. Frieda didn't go to the dance, neither did Fanny. 2. You can't do it, nor can anybody else.
3. You did not see him, neither did I. 4. Are you not going? Neither am I.
5. Oliver did not come that day, nor the next day; nor the next after that, nor for many, many days after.
6. I know not what, nor where, neither what latitude, what country, what nation, or what river. I neither saw, nor desired to see any people; the principal thing I wanted was fresh water.
[注1] 有時根據意義上的需要，下列句子是允許的。
I thought of him (=I didn't forget him), nor did I forget you.
[注2] 前句用little, hardly等半否定詞，后句同樣可跟延續(xù)否定句。
The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.
句型14[(前句)否定句，+(后句)no/not/nor…either…(or)…]
1. We are not in the wrong, nor (is) John either. 2. I cannot sing, I cannot dance, either.
3. Mary has no brothers, no cousins, either. 4. I don't know it. You don't know either?
5. China will not be a superpower, not either today or ever in the future.
[注] 英語中"也"的概念在肯定句中通常用too, also或…and as well
句型15[主語+否定式謂語…，+增強語氣詞(much, still, even, far, a lot, a great deal 等)+ less +名詞詞組或從句]表示"…, 更不用說…"。
1. I could not assent to, much less participate in such proceedings.
2. …h(huán)e dared not openly charge her with the attempt, much less punish her for it.
3. He doesn't like music, still less dancing.
4. I did not even see him, still less shake hands with him.
5. I have no mind (idea) to lend this book to anyone, much less to part with it. (割愛)
[注] (much, still, even, far, a lot, a great deal 等)+more也用于追補某些未說完的內容， 但much more只用于肯定句，不能引導延續(xù)否定句。 如: I like music, much more dancing. He speaks French, much more English.
Everyone has a right to enjoy his liberty, much more his life.
句型16[主語+否定式謂語…; +to say nothing of/ not to speak of/ not to mention+名詞詞組]
[主語+否定式謂語…; let alone+名詞詞組或從句]
1. He does not know English, to say nothing of German or French.
2. In old china there was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an aviation industry.
3. At that time they could not afford the ordinary comforts of life, not to speak of luxuries.
4. I don't know algebra or geometry, not to mention calculus.
5. I never thought of it, let alone (或much less, still less) did I do it.
[注1] "not to say"與 "to say nothing of", 意思相差很遠。"not to say"是"不到"的意思，如：It is warm, not to say hot.
[注2] apart from; independently of (姑且不說…) 如：Quite apart from (or independently of) saying a good deal of money in drawing illustrations myself, I derived much pleasure from it.
半否定句
句型17[主語+帶hardly等半否定詞的`謂語+(其他)]
1. It scarcely matters. 2. I have hardly ever been out of London…
3. The downtown section of New York has hardly (almost not) a tree or a single blade of grass anywhere along the narrow dusty streets.
4. He would hardly recognize his home town if he saw it now.
5. We seldom hear such fine singing from school. 6. Little remains to be said.
句型18[半否定詞+or/if +否定代詞或否定副詞+…]
1. Few, however, if any, besides the King himself believed that Hermione was guilty.
2. I saw little or nothing of him after you were gone.
3. She seldom or never (if ever) made a mistake. 4. Mr. Morris seldom or never went out.
5. Peter read little or nothing (little if anything) in summer vacation.
返回：初中英語句型分類知識點詳解
初中英語句型分類知識點詳解：雙重否定句與排除否定句
雙重否定句
句型19[主語+否定式謂語…+否定詞/含否定意義的詞+其他]
1. He doesn't lend his book to nobody. 2. You can't make something out of nothing.
3. I'll take it then. Not for nothing. I'll give you something in return.
4. I could not disobey him. Only one thing remained for me: to suffer and obey.
5. He was never dissatisfied with my work. 6. What's done cannot be undone.
7. This captain took a fancy to my conversation, which was not at all disagreeable at that time.
[注] 如果要用否定代詞作主語，謂語要用肯定式。
Nothing is changeless. Nothing is without his faults. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.
[主語+否定式謂語…+without+名詞…/動名詞]
句型20[(There be)+no+主語+詞組或從句+without+名詞…/動名詞]
[It (或名詞) is+否定詞語+不定式+without+名詞…/動名詞]
1. We can live without food or water for some days, but without air we cannot live even a few minutes.
2. At the beginning of learning English he could not speak it without making mistakes.
3. There is no right to speak without investigation. 4. No gains without pains.
5. (There is) No sweet without (some) sweat.
6. Without revolutionary theory there can be no revolutionary movement.
7. Without knowledge of science and technology it is impossible to build socialism.
8. It is impossible for your team to win without constant training.
[注1] 由第二式的省略 "no…without…"進一步緊縮的結果，便產生 "no…no…" 簡略式，主要用于諺語格言。例如：No pains, no gains. No law, no liberty. No investigation, no right to speak. Nothing venture, nothing have. (nothing是no的派生詞)
[注2] "not without…" 表示"不無…"、"不是沒有…"的意思，是一種委婉的說法。
例如：Not without reason / not without some doubt I have brought back your man-not without risk and danger.
句型21[主語+ cannot+help/ refrain from/ keep from+動名詞…]
1. Though Laurence had promised Keith not to see Wanda, he could not help going to her.
2. He (Shylock) could not help showing his pleasure. 3. I can't help admiring it whenever I look at it.
4. I could not refrain from retorting to hear such a lie. 5. I cannot keep from laughing to hear such a story.
句型22[主語+ cannot+but/ choose but/ help but+動詞原形…]
1. "You cannot but feel already that it is useless staying here… you will have to go farther."
2. I can not but admire his courage. 3. We cannot (choose) but read books to increase our knowledge.
4. They cannot but admit that in certain aspects of science and technology we are away ahead of them.
句型23[主句(否定結構)+從句(否定結構)]
1. Nothing was useful which was not honest. 2. Nothing can be wholly beautiful that is not useful.
3. I have never committed one act that was not in the interests of my people.
4. Bassanio, in his grief, replied that there was nothing he would not sacrifice.
句型24[(There be) No+ 主語+ but+ 謂語+ 其他]
1. There is no man but has his faults. 2. (There is) Nobody but has his faults. 3. No one but can do it.
4. There is no rule but has exceptions. 5. There is nobody but knows this matter.
句型25[第一分句(否定式謂語)+but +第二分句(肯定式謂語)]
1. It never rains but it pours.(=It never rains without pouring.)
2. I never see you but I think of my brother. 3. They never meet but they discuss this problem.
4. She never comes but she brings something for the children.
[注] 漢語中的雙重否定句譯成英語時不一定用雙重否定句。"知無不言，言無不盡。"-- Say all you know and say it without reserve. "這樣的人是沒有不摔跤的。"-- Such people are bound to trip and fall.
排除否定句
句型26[主語+謂語+ beyond/ beyond the fact that…]
1. He did nothing beyond writing one letter.
2. He did not really know what he was going to say, beyond that the situation demanded something romantic.
3. Of Oliver Edwards, nothing, I believe, is known beyond the fact that he had been at Pembroke College with Johnson.
句型27[主語+謂語+ but/ but that/ barring…]
1. No one knows it but you and I. 2. He did nothing but wait for the result.
3. I have no secret of success but hard work.
4. I couldn't see but that the soldiers would fight and die for the sake of their country.
5. Who but he would do such a thing?
6. The meeting will be held next Tuesday barring unforeseen factors.
句型28[主語+謂語+except/ except that/ except for/ excepting/ …]
1. Everyone is ready except you.
2. No man ever became great or good except through many and great mistakes.
3. Except a living man there is nothing more wonderful than a book.
4. We lay there along time in silence, except that Webb groaned every now and then.
5. She is absolutely alone except for her son.
6. All the splendid furniture of his late residence had been sold, excepting his wife's harp.
句型29[主語+謂語+apart from/ aside from/ exclusive of/ with the exclusion of…]
1. Apart from the question of expense, it is too late. 2. Aside from this statement, he refused to talk.
3. The building will cost about 2,500,000 Yuan, exclusive of the machinery equipment.
4. The Canal system in China is the most extensive in the world with the exclusion of Netherland.
句型30[主語+謂語+save/ save that/ save for/ saving/ saving that…]
1. I do entreat you, not a man departs, save I alone, till antonym has spoken.
2. In this life we get nothing save by effort.
3. At this hour the great tunnel was quiet save when a train roared above.
4. All is lost save honor. 5. Saving his eyesight, he was as well as ever.
6. The bar was empty save for the landlord.
7. Saving that he failed in Latin, he did well.
句型31[主語+謂語+only that/ other than…]
1. I have nothing against him, only that I dislike his manner.
2. "Is anything the matter with Madeline?" - "No, papa, only I have got a headache."
3. It was fortified on all sides other than this.
4. You will generally suffer for wishing to appear other than what you are; whether it be greater, or more learned.
[注1] besides和apart from兼有"除外"和"包括"的意思。I care for nothing besides (apart from) this. (多用于否定句)
Apart from (Besides) English, he is also well versed in Russian. (多用于帶有also等副詞的肯定句)
[注2] in addition to有"包括"的意思, 如: In addition to John's being blamed for this, he was blamed also for breaking the window.
加強否定句
句型32[主語+強調詞語+否定詞+謂語動詞+其他]
1. Hurling insults and threats is certainly not fighting. 2. It simply will not do!
3. We must not become complacent over any success.
4. We absolutely must not relax our will. 5. The nature of wolves will never change.
6. Without the Communist Party I should assuredly not be what I am today.
句型33[主語+be+ the last+名詞+不定式…/從句]
1. For it was Oliver, his cruel brother-the last person Orlando would have expected to find there.
2. He is the last person to do such a thing. 3. This is the last place where I expected to have met you.
4. Breach of promise is the last thing that he is likely to commit.
句型34[主語+謂語肯定式+含否定詞語的成語+其他][主語+謂語否定式+含不定詞語的成語+其他]
1. At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
2. Young people should on no account (=should not on any account) neglect their daily physical exercise.
3. We have ideals, but we are by no means visionaries. 4. He will in no wise give up study.
[注] 其他加強否定的方式：1. […be anything but…] (決不是) He is anything but a scholar.
2. [(There is) no+ V-ing] (決不可) There is no denying the fact. = It is absolutely impermissible to deny the fact. 因此語意比下句強，"It is impossible to deny the fact."
句型35[主語+否定式謂語+微量詞+名詞+其他]
1. We must never for a moment divorce ourselves from the masses.
2. The mother did not have a wink of sleep the whole night on account of the child's high fever.
3. He did not breathe a single word about it.
4. Though I have walked twenty miles, I am not a bit tired.
5. The little boy is do full of energy that he refused to stay put for any length of time.
[注] 表示微量詞的詞組中以 in the least為最常見，不少的微量詞可用它代替。如：
I am not in the least tired. I was not surprised in the least. That boy was not in the least afraid of the snake.
句型36[...否定詞+名詞+大范圍詞語...]
1. There will be no difficulty in the world which they cannot overcome.
2. The doctor was writing a book, but it went on so slowly that it would not be finished within a thousand years.
3. "Don't you dance?"-"I'm the world's worst dancer."
4. He was not at all confused. 5. It is of no value at all.
6. This is a historical trend no force on earth can hold back.
[附注1] 與漢語中的否定式相對應的英語不一定要用否定式。如："很不好"，不能譯成英語的"very not good", 應換一種說法， "This is very bad.", "It is not good at all." 漢語"這事我一點也不知道"可譯作 "I am quite in the dark about the matter."或 "About this I knew nothing." 漢語"我很不喜歡喝酒。"可譯作為 "I dislike wine very much."或 "I am not a bit interested in wine./I don't like wine at all./I am the last person to like wine.
其次要注意分析。漢語"一竅不通"，是縮小否定數量的說法，最好譯成 "be utterly ignorant"或 "not know the ABC of…/know nothing of… 又如"世界上一切事物無不具有兩重性"，這里有幾個強調的詞語："世界上"，"一切事物"，"無不"。"一切事物"不能用all/all things, 因此只能用縮小量的說法。 "There is not a single thing in the world without a dual nature."
[附注2] 一般說來，只要需要，所有的肯定句都可以改為否定句，但一定要依照前面所介紹的各種句型的要求。此外，還應考慮以下幾點：
1) 邏輯上說不過去的不能改為否定句。Where is Mary? 不能改為 where isn't Mary?
2) 句型要求不能用否定式的。How hard-working he is! 不能改為 how hard-working he isn't!
3) 除句型28中列舉的一些強調詞語有分工外，以下詞語只用于肯定句，否定句應采用括號中相對應的異根同義詞。Some (not…any); too (not…either); so (neither, no more); a long way (not…far); a lot of/plenty of/a great deal of/a good deal of… (not…much of); as…as (not so…as); already still (not yet/ not any more/no more/ no longer…)
1. I have got some. → I haven't got any. 2. I see a great deal of him. → I didn't see much of him.
3. We went a long way. → We didn't go far. 4. I will do so still. → I'll not do so any more.
4) 注意may, must, need, can (could) 在肯定句與否定句中的含義變化，對應關系也會出現交錯現象。
A. 表示許可用may (口語中常用can); 表示禁止通常用must not, 有時也用may not 語氣較委婉。
"May (Can) I smoke here?" - "Yes, you may (can)." 或"No, you must not." 或 "You may not smoke here."
B. 表示責任、義務或必要時用must, 否定式只能用need not
"Must we hand in our homework today?" - "Yes, you must. No, you needn't."
C. 表示推測指"可能"時，用must; 指"不可能"，"不一定"時用cannot/could not, 有時也用may not, 口氣較委婉，意為"也許不"。 That must be a mistake. No, it cannot be a mistake. It must not be a mistake
D. 表示推測也常用may，指"可能";否定式同上。 He may be right/ He cannot be right. He may not be right.
返回：初中英語句型分類知識點詳解
初中英語語法：帶有否定詞的比較句型
樂加樂英語：整理初中英語語法《初中英語語法：帶有否定詞的比較句型》，供大家學習、交流。
1.no better than：表示“和……一樣;實際等于……”，如：
He is no better than a beggar. 他實際上等于一個乞丐。
The invalid is no better than he was yesterday. 病人的情況和昨天一樣。
He has no better a say in the matter than I have. 他和我一樣在這件事上沒有發(fā)言權。
2.not. . . any more than或no more. . . than：表示“同……一樣不”，如：
I could no more do that than you. I could not do that any more than you. 你不能做這件事，我也不能做。
He is not a poet any more than I am a scholar. 我不是一個學者，他也不是一個詩人。
This story is no more interesting than that one. 這個故事和那個故事一樣沒有趣味。
He is no more able to read German than I am. 他和我一樣都不懂德語。
3.not so much. . . as：表示“與其……不如……”
He is not so much a writer as a reporter. 他與其說是個作家，不如說是個記者。
Your explanation does not so much enlighten us as confuse us.
你的解釋沒有起到啟發(fā)作用，反而把我們弄糊涂了。
Oceans don't so much divide the world as unite it. 與其說海洋分隔了世界，不如說海洋聯結了世界。
I don't so much dislike him as hate him. 我與其說不喜歡他，不如說我恨他。
4.nothing like：表示“沒有什么能比得上……”
There is nothing like home. 金窩銀窩，不如自己的草窩。
There is nothing like walking as a means of keeping fit. 沒有比散步來保持健康更好的了。
There is nothing like leather for shoes. 做鞋用皮革再好沒有了。
5.nothing like(或near)as(或so)... as：表示“遠遠不像……那樣”
This novel is nothing near so interesting as that one. 這篇小說遠遠不及那篇小說有趣。
The book is nothing like as difficult as I expected. 這本書遠沒有我想像的那么難懂。
His analysis of the poem is nothing like as penetrating as yours. 他對這首詩的分析遠沒有你的分析那樣透徹。
6.no less … than：表示“和……一樣”
He is no less active than he used to be. 他和從前一樣活躍。
His mind is no less alert than yours. 他的思路和你的一樣敏捷。
Our soldiers fought with no less daring than skill. 我們的士兵作戰(zhàn)的英勇不亞于他們的戰(zhàn)斗技能。
英語語法知識點8
初一下冊英語語法知識
一、時間的表達法
(1)直讀式，即直接讀出時間數字
7: 05 sevenfive 8:16 eight sixteen
(2)過、差式，即幾點差幾分，幾點過幾分。(以30分為分界線)
1:25 twenty-five pastone 2:30 halfpast two
3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小時制
6:00 a.m.上午6點8:20 p.m.下午8點20分
(4)24小時制
13:00 13點鐘22:15 22點15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15 a quarter pastfour 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)時間前通常用介詞at
at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.
二、關于時間的問法
(1)以when提問,“什么時候”可以是較長的時間段，也可以是較短的時間點，如：
�、賅hen is your birthday?你的生日是什么時候?
�、贛y birthday is Dec. 29th.我的`生日是12月29日。
這里就是指一天的時間段
①When do you go home?你幾點回家?
②I go home at 4:30 p.m.我下午4：30回家.
這里when問的是具體的時間。
(2)具體幾點我們通常用what time提問，如：
①What time is it now?/What’s the time now?現在幾點了?
It’s 9:26.現在九點二十六。
�、赪hat time is it by your watch?你手表幾點了?
It’s 8:36. Oh,It’s50 minutes late. 8:36，哦，它慢了50分鐘。
③What time do you get up?你幾點起床?
I get up at 6:00 a.m.我早上6點起床。
初一英語基礎知識
短語歸納
1. post office郵局
2. police station警察局
3. pay phone付費電話
4. Bridge Street橋街
5. Center Street中心大街
6. Long Street長街
7. near here附近
8. across from在……對面
9. next to挨著，靠近
10. between…and…在……和……之間
11. in front of在……前面
12. excuse me勞駕
13. far from離……遠
14. go along…沿著……走
15. turn right/left向右/左轉
16. on the(或one’s) right/left在(某人的)右邊/左邊
17. in my neighborhood在我的街區(qū)
18. look like看起來像
19. in life一生中
20. be free 免費的/有空的
用法集萃
1. Turn right / left at the +序數詞+ crossing.在第幾個路口向右/左轉。
2. spend +時間/金錢+ on sth.花費時間/金錢在......
spend +時間/ +金錢(in) doing sth.花費時間/金錢做某事
3. watch sb. doing觀看某人正在做某事
4. enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事
典句必背
1. —Is there a hospital near here?這附近有醫(yī)院嗎?
—Yes,there is. It’s on Bridge Street.是的，有。它在橋街上。
2. —Oh… where’s Center Street?噢……中心大街在哪里?
—It’s not too far from here.它離這兒不太遠。
3. Go along Long Street and it’s on the right.沿著長街走，它在右邊。
4. Turn right at the first crossing.在第一個十字路口向右轉。
初一英語知識重點
一、in the tree/ on the tree
in the tree與on the tree.譯成中文均為"在樹上"但英語中有區(qū)別。in the tree表示某人、某事(不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西)落在樹上，表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上時，要使用on the tree.如：
There are some apples on the tree.那棵樹上有些蘋果。
There is a bird in the tree.那棵樹上有只鳥。
二、 some/ any
(1)some和any既可修飾可數名詞，也可修飾不可數名詞。但有以下兩點需要
注意。
some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問句中。如：
There is some water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass?
There isnt any water in the glass.
(2)在說話者希望得到肯定答復的一般疑問句中，或在表示請求，邀請的疑問句中，我們依然用some。如：
Would you like some tea?
三、tall/ high
(1)說人，動物，樹木等有生命的東西，主要用tall，不用high，例如
a tall woman一個高個子婦女
a tall horse一個高大的馬
(2)說一個不與地面接觸的人和物的高時，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上時，飛機飛上天時，例如：
He is high up in the tree.他高高地爬在樹上。
The plane is so high in the sky.飛機在空中這么高。
(3)指建筑物、山時要tall或high都可以，不過high的程度比tall高。
(4)high可作副詞，tall不能。
(5)tall的反義詞為short,high的反義詞為low.
英語語法知識點9
1. The train _________ for twenty minutes.A. leftB. has leftC. is leavingD. has been away
答案：D (選擇B的同學要注意，當用完成時表示持續(xù)動作時，要選擇可持續(xù)動詞，不要用瞬間動詞.)
2. How many books _____ they ________?-- Five. But they haven’t finished reading even one.
A. did…borrowB. had…borrowedC. will…borrowD. do…borrow
答案：A (選擇B的同學要注意，這里只是問過去發(fā)生的一件事，并不是過去時間之前發(fā)生的..)
3. He _________ his bike so he has to walk there.A. lostB. has lostC. had lostD. loses
答案：B (選擇A的同學注意句子并沒出現兩個時間點，因此要注意時態(tài)的前后一致.)
4. Why did the policeman stop us? -- He told us not _______ so fast in this street.
A. driveB. drivingC. to driveD. drove答案：C (這里考查的是tell sb. not to do sth.)
5. The population of the world in 20th century became very much _________ thanthat in 19th A. bigger B. larger C. greater D. more 答案: B.(選擇其它三項的同學要注意population的固定搭配是large)
6. The magazines are ________ easy that the children can read them well.A. suchB. soC. tooD. very
答案: B (選擇A的同學要注意easy是形容詞，要用so…that, 而不用such…that)
7. – Would you like ________ more tea?- Thank you. I’ve had ________.A. any, muchB. some, enoughC. some, muchD. any, enough 答案：C (選擇B的同學要注意enough是形容詞， 不能說had enough)
8. I think basketball is _______. I like to watch it.A. boringB. boredC. excitingD. excited
答案：C (選擇D的同學要注意basketball本身很令人激動，excited表示被什么所感染而激動。)
9. The math problem is so hard that ________ students can work it out. A. a fewB. a littleC. manyD. few
答案：D (選擇A、C的同學要注意語境，這里指沒有什么學生能做出來。)
10. Though she talks ______, she has made ________ friends here.A. a little, a fewB. little, fewC. little, a fewD. few, a few答案：C (選擇A的同學要注意語境，這里指雖然她不怎么說話，但她有一些朋友.)
英語語法知識點10
1. 強調句的基本結構
It+be+被強調成分+that (who)…
He bought the book in this shop yesterday.
→It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (強調主語he)
→It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (強調賓語the book)
→It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (強調地點狀語in this shop)
【注】在該強調結構中，it is (was)…that (who)…為結構詞，它通�？梢允÷�，而不影響句子的意思。
2. 強調句用that還是who
當被強調部分指人時，可以用who代that;當被強調部分指物時通常用that。注意：強調事物時，通常不宜用which來代that，另外當強調時間或地點狀語時，通常也不能用when / where代that(尤其是當這些狀語為介詞短語時)。
3. 關于被強調成分
該強調句型中，被強調的成分除了是名詞、代詞、介詞短語等之外, 也可以是從句：
It is when he got back that he knew what had happened. 他回來后才知道所發(fā)生的情況。
It was because he loved my money that he married me. 他是因為愛我的錢才同我結了婚。
【注意】
(1) 該句型可強調because引導原因狀語從句，但通常不能強調由 since, as引導的原因狀語從句，另外也不強調由although引導的讓步狀語從句。
(2) 該句型可以強調主語，但不強調表語。
4. 強調句的特殊疑問句形式
強調句型的陳述句形式和一般疑問句形式一般還好理解，但若以特殊疑問句形式出現，則很容易誤解。比較：
Jim told us the news.(非強調句)
It was Jim that told us the news.(強調句型的陳述句形式)
Was it Jim that told us the news.(強調句型的一般疑問句形式)
Who was it that told us the news.(強調句型的特殊疑問句形式)
特殊疑問句形式的強調句可視為對陳述句強調中的被強調成分提問得來，如對It was yesterday that he arrived. 這一句中的yesterday提問，即得到When was it that he arrived?
5. not...until用于強調句
其基本形式為It is (was) not until…that…。比較：
He didn’t come until his wife left. 他妻子走了之后他才來。
It was not until his wife left that he came. 他妻子走了之后他才來。
They didn’t start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停他們才出發(fā)。
It was not until the rain stopped that they started. 直到雨停他們才出發(fā)。
英語語法倒裝句知識點：讓步狀語從句倒裝用法系統(tǒng)歸納
有這樣一道考題：
_________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student
這道題很有一定難度。具體說來，它主要涉及兩個考點：一是讓步狀語從句倒裝后的詞序問題。讓步狀語從句之所以要采用倒裝結構，主要是為了強調位于句首的名詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞等，其詞序形式為：被強調的成分+as / though + 主語+動詞。二是在倒裝的讓步狀語從句中，位于句首的`單數可數名詞是否帶冠詞的問題。按照英語習慣，英語中的單數可數名詞在泛指時，一般要有不定冠詞的修飾，但是位于倒裝讓步狀語從句句首的單數可數名詞是個例外，即使泛指其前也不加不定冠詞。由此可知，上面這道考題的答案應為B。
為了幫助大家全面掌握讓步狀語從句的倒裝用法，本文將這類語法現象歸納為以下五種句型：
一、名詞+as / though+主語+動詞
King as he was, he was unhappy. 他雖是國王，但他并不幸福。
Child as he is, he knows to help other. 他雖是個孩子，但卻知道幫助別人。
Teacher though he is, he can’t know everything. 他雖然是老師，但也不可能什么都懂。
【說明】其中的動詞通常為連系動詞，也就是說位于句首的名詞是其后連系動詞的表語。另外，要特別注意位于句首的名詞前習慣上不用冠詞，即使其前有形容詞修飾也不用冠詞。比較：
Boy as [though] he is, he likes to play with girls.=Though [Although] he is a boy, he likes to play with girls. 他雖是男孩，卻喜歡與女孩子玩。
Strong man as [though] he is, General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Though [Although] he is a strong man, General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. 波賽將軍雖然堅強，但在過去的數周里也受到了嚴峻的考驗。
二、形容詞+as / though+主語+動詞
Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他雖然成功，但不驕傲。
Improbable as it seems, it’s true. 雖然看起來不太可能，但卻是真的。
Stupid as it sounds，I was so in love with her that I believed her. 盡管聽起來很愚蠢，我是如此愛她竟然相信了她的話。
Patient as he was，he didn’t like waiting that long. 他雖說有耐心，也不愿等這么長。
Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那條項鏈雖然很漂亮，我們認為價錢太高。
【說明】其中的動詞也通常為連系動詞，也就是說位于句首的形容詞是其后連系動詞的表語。
三、副詞+as / though+主語+動詞
Much as I like Paris, I couldn’t live there. 盡管我喜歡巴黎，但我不能住在那里。
Hard though they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind. 盡管他們做了很大努力，卻沒法讓她改變主意。
Fast as you read, you can’t finish the book in two days. 盡管你讀得很快，你總不能在兩天之內就讀完這本書。
He was unable to make much progress, hard as he tried. 盡管他做了努力，卻未能取得很大進步。
Heavily as it is raining, the football game has been decided not to be put off. 盡管雨下得很大，但還是決定不推遲足球比賽。
【說明】有的詞典將much as 作為習語看待，認為它是一個用以引導讓步狀語從句的復合連詞。再如：
Much as I admire him as a writer，I do not like him as a man. 他作為一名作家我很佩服他，但我卻不喜歡他這個人。
Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. 我盡管很喜歡你, 卻不能和你在一起生活。
四、動詞原形+as / though+主語+動詞
Object as you may, I’ll go. 縱使你反對，我也要去。
Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 盡管他想方設法，卻未解決這個問題。
Search as they would, they would find nobody in the house. 無論怎樣搜查，他們在房子里仍然沒有找到一個人。
Dislike him as we may, we must acknowledge his greatness. 盡管我們不喜歡他，但必須承認他的偉大。
Lose money as I did, we got a lot of experience. 錢雖然丟了，我們卻得到了許多經驗。
Fail in the election as he did, he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery. 盡管落選了，但他卻以其反對奴隸制的激烈演說而出了名。
【說明】主語后的動詞通常為may, might, would, did 等情態(tài)動詞或助動詞(若表示情態(tài)意義，則選用情態(tài)動詞;若陳述事實，則用did, do 等助動詞)。
五、分詞+as / though+主語+動詞
Raining hard as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 雖然正在下著大雨，我還是要出去散步。
Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward. 雖然我們被敵人包圍著，但我們還是設法前進了。
Munching the apple as he was, he had got an eye for all John’s movements. 他盡管在一個勁地嚼著蘋果，但仍警惕著約翰的一舉一動。
【三條補充說明】
1. 這類倒裝的讓步狀語從句可用as, though 來引導，但不能用although來引導;但是，未倒裝的讓步狀語從句則可用though, although來引導，而不能用as來引導。也就是說，although引導讓步狀語從句時不能倒裝，as引導讓步狀語從句時必須倒裝，而though引導讓步狀語從句時可以倒裝也可以不倒裝。如：
雖然很晚了，但我們還是繼續(xù)工作。
正：Late as [though] it was, we still went on working.
正：Though [Although] it was late, we still went on working.
誤：Late although it was, we still went on working.
誤：As it was late, we still went on working.
2. 上面提到的倒裝結構有時也可用來表示原因，區(qū)別的辦法主要看句子的內容：讓步從句的內容大多數與主句在意義上相反，而原因從句則與主句之間有因果關系。比較：
Tired as he was, he sat up late studying at night. 昨晚他雖然很疲倦了，但還是學習到很晚才睡。(表讓步)
Tired as he was, he went to bed early. 因為很累，所以他睡得很早。(表原因)
Young as he was, he was equal to the task. 他雖年輕，卻能勝任這項工作。(表讓步)
Young as he was, he was not equal to the task. 他因為年輕，所以不能勝任這項工作。(表原因)
3. 在美國英語中，人們通常用as…as引導讓步狀語從句。如：
Cold as it was, we went out.=As cold as it was, we went out. 盡管天氣冷，我們還是出去了。
Successful as he is, he is not proud.=As successful as he is, he is not proud. 他雖成功了，但不驕傲。
英語語法倒裝句知識點：“only+狀語”置于句首句子要倒裝
請看下面一道涉及only的倒裝試題：
Only in this way __________ able to finish the work in time.
A. can you be B. are you C. you can be D. you are
此題應選 B。容易誤選D。至于A，C，這比較容易排除，因為情態(tài)動詞 can 不能與 be able to用在同一謂語中。本題之所以要選B而不選D，主要是因為句首用了only in thisway 的緣故，按照英語語法規(guī)則：“only+狀語”位于句首，句子通常要用倒裝語序(部分倒裝——用一般疑問句形式)。如：
1. “only 副詞”位于句首。如：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那時我才意識到是我錯了。
2. “only+介詞短語”位于句首。如：
Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。
Only in the reading-room can you find him. 你只有在閱覽室才能找到他。
3. “only+狀語從句”位于句首。如：
Only when one loses freedom does one know itsvalue. 一個人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可貴。
注意：若位于句首的不是only+狀語，而是 only+賓語等，則通常無需倒裝(但有時也可以倒裝)。如：
Only a policeman the children saw in the street. 孩子們在街上只看到一個警察。
Only one more point will I make. 我只再說明一點。
英語語法感嘆句知識點：感嘆句的基本句型
【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
What a clever boy he is! (他是個)多么聰明的男孩啊!
What an interesting story it is! (這是個)多么有趣的故事啊!
What fine weather it is! 多好的天氣啊!
What beautiful flowers they are! (它們是)多么漂亮的花啊!
【說明】 在感嘆句中，What a / an 常用來修飾單數可數名詞，若其前面的形容詞為元音開頭，則用 an。what 是用來修飾復數可數名詞和不可數名詞。但有些不可數名詞，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，當前面有形容詞修飾，使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用 what a / an，如：
What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一場雨啊!
What a great surprise it is! 這多么令人驚奇啊!
What a rich breakfast it is! 多么豐盛的一頓早餐啊!
【句型二】How + 形容詞 / 副詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
How well you look! 你氣色真好!
How kind you are! 你心腸真好!
How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好聽!
Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!
How clever the boy is! 這個男孩多么聰明啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!
【說明】how還可以修飾動詞構成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：
How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成為一名醫(yī)生啊!
How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!
英語語法感嘆句知識點：陳述句改為感嘆句
感嘆句通常有what, how引導，表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。what修飾名詞，how 修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞，感嘆句結構主要有以下幾種：
How +形容詞+ a +名詞+其他成分!
How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分!
What +名詞+其他成分!
What +a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分!
What + 形容詞+復數名詞+其他成分!
What + 形容詞+不可數名詞+其他成分!
請看以下例子：
It’s an interesting film. 這是一部有趣的電影。
→ What an interesting film it is! 這是一部多有趣的電影啊!
It’s wonderful weather. 天氣很好。
→ What wonderful weather! 天氣真好!
He did the work carefully. 他做這工作很仔細。
→ How carefully he did the work! 他做這工作多仔細啊!
Time passed quickly. 時間過得很快。
→ How quickly time passed! 時間過得真快!
英語語法感嘆句知識點：感嘆句后接附加疑問句
感嘆句之后有時可接附加疑問句，如：
How odd, isn’t it?
多怪，是不是?
What a magnificent building, isn’t it?
多么雄偉的建筑，對不對!
How nice, isn’t it?
多好呀，不是嗎!
What a bad cough he has, doesn’t he?
他咳得好歷害，是不是?
How exciting the game is, isn’t it?
好刺激的比賽啊，不是嗎?
英語語法知識點11
none、all 的用法
a. All has been done.(作主語，表示“所有事”謂動用單數) All are present . (作主語，表示“所有人”謂動用復數)
b. None of the girls in our class like/likes football. 注意：在回答what/who 問句時，用nothing/nobody;而在回答how many/How much……問句時用none.
Who is in the classroom? Nobody. What is in your hand? Nothing. How much money do you have? None.
every、each的使用
1)every只能修飾名詞，而each既可修飾名詞，也可作名詞使用。 eg: every day、each classroom、each of the student
2)在單獨作主語、同位語、賓語時只用each. a. Here are enough glasses. Each of you can get one. b. We each should listen to the teachers carefully.
3)every能表達“每隔”的含義，而each則不能。
every three days 每3天、每隔2天 every few years每隔幾年 every other day /week/line每隔1天/1周/1行
4)every與one連用，可用of修飾( 要分開寫)。
every one of us 我們中的`每一人 each of us我們中的每一人 every one of the books 這些書中的每1本 each of the books這些書中的每1本
英語語法知識點12
名詞是：人名、地名、事物名、抽象概念的名稱的'詞。
名詞分為：專有名詞和普通名詞。
�。ㄒ唬⿲Ｓ忻~有：人名、 地名、 國家名、 某國人、 語言名、
�。↙iming） （Beijing） （China、Japan） （Chinese、Japanese） （Chinese、）
星期、 月份、 節(jié)日名
（Sunday） （January） （New Year‘s Day）
專有名詞的首寫字母一定要大寫，前面不能用冠詞。
�。ǘ┢胀~有：可數名詞和不可數名詞
１．可數名詞有：個體名詞和集體名詞。
可數名詞單數（個體名詞）＝１，一般在名詞前面加上冠詞a/an。復數>１一般加“ｓ”。
⊙語法重點 --名詞變復數：
�、� 一般情況加s：地圖maps；書包bags；老師teachers；橘子oranges；玫瑰roses；貓cats；床beds
“s”發(fā)音要注意：清對清，讀/s/；濁對濁；讀/z/；元音對濁音讀/z/
/s、z、d？/后讀/iz/
“ts”讀/ts/；“ds”讀/dz/
② 單詞結尾是s、sh、ch、x + es、發(fā)音讀/iz/：
女服務員們 穿著連衣裙 拿著玻璃杯 坐著公共汽車， 去上課。
waitress- dress- glass- bus- class-
盒子里走出幾只狐貍，端著碟子，拿著刷子，戴著手表，吃著桃子來到海灘上，看教練 訓鴕鳥。
box- fox- dish- brush- watch- peach- beach- coach- ostrich-
�、� 以 o結尾分兩種
1） 加es：黑人Negro- 英雄hero- 土豆potato- 西紅柿tomato- 要加es
一句話語法 ：英雄愛吃土豆、西紅柿。
2）加s：
竹林邊有 照相館； 鋼琴上有 收音機；動物園里有 袋鼠的 照片
bamboo- studio- piano- radio- zoo- kangaroo- photo-
④ 以 y結尾的分兩種：
1）輔音字母加上y結尾的單詞，把y變成i，再加es：
國家 城市有 工廠； 圖書館里有 詞典； 嬰兒 愛好聽 故事
country- city- factory- library- dictionary- baby- hobby- story-
家庭 聚會吃 草莓。
family- party- strawberry-
英語語法知識點13
1、主格用來作句子的主語、表語。如：
I often go shopping on Sundays.（星期天我常去購物。）
Are they from Brazil?（他們是巴西人嗎？）
Where have they gone?（他們上哪兒去了？）
That' s it.（就那么回事。）
It' s he!（是他！）
2、賓格用來作及物動詞或者介詞的`賓語。如：
Who teaches you English this year?（今年誰教你們的英語？）
Help me!（救救我�。�
We often write letters to her.（我們常給他寫信。）
3、人稱代詞作表語或者放在比較狀語從句連詞than或as之后時，可以用主格形式，也可以用賓格形式，口語中大多用賓格。如：
- Who is it?（是誰？） – It' s I/me.（是我。）
4、三個不同人稱同時出現，或者主語中包含“我”時，按照“you→he→I”的順序表達。如：
Both he and I are working at that computer company.（我和他都在那家電腦公司上班。）
– Who will go there?（誰要去那兒？）
– You and me.（你和我。）
5、人稱代詞it除了可以指人指物之外，還可以表示“時間、天氣、溫度、距離、情況”等含義，此外還可以作“非人稱代詞”使用，替代作主語或者賓語的不定式、動名詞或者名詞性從句。如：
- What' s the weather like today?（今天天氣怎樣？）- It' s fine.（天氣晴好。）
- What' s the time?（幾點啦？） – It' s 12：00.（12點。）
It' s a long way to go.（那可要走好長的路。）
It took him three days to clean his house.（打掃屋子花了他三天的時間。）
It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.（很顯然，公眾想知道這些人什么時候能進入太空。）
We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.（我們發(fā)覺要學好一門外語是非常困難的。）
英語語法知識點14
有這樣一道關于反意疑問句的題：
Peter likes history， ________？
A. doesn’t Peter B. doesn’t he C. does Peter D. does he
此題應選B。容易誤選A。關于反意問句的主語問題，以下幾點要注意：
1. 在通常情況下，反意問句部分的主語只能是代詞：
這男孩很聰明，是嗎？
正：The boy was clever， wasn’t he？
誤：The boy was clever， wasn’t the boy？
2. 當陳述部分為 there be 句型時，反意問句仍用 there 作主語(實為引導詞)：
There’s rice in it， isn’t there？ 里面是大米，是嗎？
3. 當陳述部分的主語是 this，that，these，those 等指示代詞時，反意問句用 it，they 等代詞：
That is a new car， isn’t it？ 這是一輛新汽車，是嗎？
4. 當陳述部分用不定代詞one作主語時，其反意問句可用 one(正式)或 you(非正式)：
One can’t be too careful， can one [you]？ 越仔細越好，不是嗎？
5. 當陳述部分的主語是 somebody， someone， everyone， everybody， no one， nobody等時，其反意問句的主語在正式文體中用he，在口語或非正式文體中通常用they：
Nobody came，did he [they]？ 沒有人來，是嗎？
6. 當陳述部分的'主語是 something， anything， nothing， everything 等時，其反意問句的主語通常用it：
Nothing is new， is it？ 沒有什么是新的，是嗎？
英語語法知識點15
Farewells（告別）
A．Farewells:
1、It's getting late.I must be going.
2、It's five o'clock already.I must be off now.
3、Oh,God,it's late,I've got to go.
4、It's time I was going,I'm afraid.
5、I think I must go now.
6、I think I'd better leave.
7、I'm glad to have met you.
B．Responses:
1、Come again whenever you are free.
2、If you pass my home,drop in.
3、Good night,have a nice dream.
4、Can't you stay a little longer?
5、I hope we'll meet again sometime.
【專項訓練】
1、—It's five o'clock already,I must be going.
—Well,come again ______ you are free.
A．if B．whenever C．when D．while
2、—Oh,God,it's late.I've got to go.
—______.Hope to see them soon.
A．Give your parents my greetings B．Remember me to your parents
C．Show my greetings to your parents D．Say hello to your parents
3、—It's time I was going,I'm afraid.
—______.
A．Good evening B．Good night C．Bye-bye D．All the best
4、—Well,I'd better let you get on with your work.
—______.
A．I've wasted a lot of your time B．Thank you for a lovely afternoon
C．You must be tired D．I'm sorry to trouble you
5、—I'm flying home on Sunday morning.
—I wish you ______.
A．a pleasant journey home B．a good trip C．good lucky D．a happy journey travel
6、—I think I must go now.See you later.
—______.
A．You can go B．See you later C．Bye-bye D．So long
7、—I'm glad to have met you.Drop by sometime.
—______.
A．Thank you B．Give me a call C．Thanks,I certainly will D．Take care
8、—It's very kind of you to come and see me off.
—______.
A．It's my pleasure B．much better C．Don't say it D．No problem
9、—I'm going camping this weekend.
—______.
A．Can you fish?B．Have a good time C．No,I'm too busy D．Don't give up now
10、—I'll go to Beijing this weekend.
______.
A．You are lucky B．The best of luck C．Thank you D．Good-bye
KEYS
1.B 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B
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