GRE試題(六)

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　　GRE試題(六) 1

　　1800 Thomas Dilworth’s New Guide to the English Dialogue was being widely used to teach reading in the United States. Dilworths primer, unlike earlier ones, stressed the importance of children’s understanding what they read. While it is in fact unlikely that children would have recognized all the vocabulary Dilworth used, that was at least his stated goal. Dilworth recognized that primers should enable children to decode words from print with the form of language they already knew: speech. In contrast, many earlier authors assumed that, just as introductory Latin texts taught children an unknown language, introductory English texts should teach English as if it, too, were an unknown language—such their esoteric choice of vocabulary, it in effect became unknown.

　　1. According to the passage, the “earlier authors” adopted a model for English instruction that

　　A. mirrored the practice used in Latin instruction

　　B. was originally formulated by Dilworth

　　C. was less esoteric than that adopted by Dilworth

　　D. stressed familiarity with the peculiarities of English spelling

　　E. emphasized the importance of fluent and articulate speech

　　2. The author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following criticisms of English primers predating Dilworth’s?

　　A. Their Latinate grammatical terms poorly described the structures of English.

　　B. They failed to make effective use of the knowledge of language a child already possessed.

　　C. Their texts typically focused on subject matter that held little intrinsic interest for their readers.

　　D. They neglected to teach the language in a sufficiently systematic way.

　　E. They required a pedagogical method that few American teachers of the era possessed.

　　答案：

　　A B

　　GRE試題(六) 2

　　Whereas Carlos Bulosan aimed through fiction and personal testimony to advance both Filipino civil rights in the United States and the social transformation of the Philippines, Yen Le Espiritu has set herself the task of recovering life histories of Filipino Americans. Her work brings Filipino Americans of the generation following the 1934-1965 immigration hiatus graphically to life. A special strength is the representation of Filipino American women, who were scarce among immigrants before the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration but composed more than half of the immigrants to America since liberalization in 1965. Espiritu’s subjects document their changing sense of Filipino identity in the United States, much as Bulosan did as a member of the first substantial wave of immigrants.

　　1. According to the passage, both Bulosan and Espiritu do which of the following in their work?

　　A. Consider generational differences in Filipino immigrants’ responses to life in the United States

　　B. Attempt to make allowance for the demographic variations among Filipino immigrants to the United States

　　C. Employ fiction in addition to documenting actual life histories of Filipino immigrants to the United States

　　D. Represent how life in the United States has affected immigrants’ sense of Filipino identity

　　E. Examine the effects on Filipinos in the United States of the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration

　　2. In the context in which it appears, “graphically” most nearly means

　　A. in writing

　　B. by means of drawing

　　C. impressionistically

　　D. diagrammatically

　　E. vividly

　　答案：

　　D E

　　GRE試題(六) 3

　　Unlike most Jane Austen scholarship before 1980, much recent scholarship analyzes the novels of Austen, who lived from 1775 to 1817, in the context of Austen’s tumultuous times, which saw the French and American revolutions and the Napoleonic Wars. Yet Frantz notes another revolution, rarely mentioned in Austen scholarship: the Great Masculine Renunciation that altered conventions in men’s dress and behavior. During the later eighteenth century, wealthy gentlemen exchanged the velvets and satins long in fashion for somber woolen suits. Frantz contends that this change reflected deeper cultural changes. The value once placed on men’s expressiveness, reflected in Mackenzie’s novel The Man of Feeling (1771), gave way to a preference for emotional restraint. In Austen’s novels, the heroine often struggles to glimpse the true nature of hero beneath his reserved exterior.

　　1. The author of the passage mentions The Man of Feeling (1771) in order to

　　A. contrast Mackenzie’s reasons for writing novels with those of Austen

　　B. introduce evidence regarding the influence of particular writers on Austen

　　C. corroborate a claim that a convention of masculine behavior changed during Austen’s lifetime

　　D. suggest that Austen’s novels were more reflective of their historical context than Mackenzie’s had been

　　E. challenge a particular misconception about the modes of behavior common among gentlemen in the later eighteenth century

　　2. The passage suggests which of the following about scholarship on Jane Austen?

　　A. Much recent scholarship has begun to place greater emphasis on gender conventions governing men’s behavior during Austen’s lifetime.

　　B. Some scholarship has debated whether Austen’s novels depict emotional restraint as an admiral quality.

　　C. Certain scholars argue that Austen’s novels do not accurately reflect cultural changes during Austen’s lifetime that changed the way gentlemen dressed and behaved.

　　D. After 1980, scholarship on Austen shifted toward a greater emphasis on the historical context in which she wrote.

　　E. With few exceptions, recent scholarship depicts Austen as a writer who had little interest in the tumultuous events of her time.

　　答案：C D

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