如何巧學(xué)善用英語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)

One of the most difficult aspects of learning any foreign language is being able to understand and use a wide range of idioms. The English language has over 15,000 idioms and native speakers use them very frequently, often without realising it themselves. This can make communication with native speakers confusing.

在任何語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中最困難的一個(gè)方面就是，要能理解并運(yùn)用大量成語(yǔ)。

英語(yǔ)有15000多個(gè)成語(yǔ)，而且本族語(yǔ)使用者常常在不自覺(jué)的情況下頻繁使用它們。這就造成了與本族語(yǔ)使用者的溝通不暢。

　　What is an idiom? An idiom is a group of words which, when used together, has a different meaning from the one which the individual words have. For example:

　　什么是成語(yǔ)呢？一個(gè)成語(yǔ)就是一組詞，當(dāng)結(jié)合在一起使用時(shí)，其意與單個(gè)詞語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的意思均不相同。例如：

　　-How do you know that Sid and Nancy have separated

你怎么知道席德和南希分手了？

　　-I heard it on the grapevine.

　　我是從小道消息聽(tīng)到的。

　　Of course, the second speaker does not mean he heard the news about John by putting his ear to a grapevine! He is conveying the idea visually of information spreading around a widespread network, similar to a grapevine.

當(dāng)然，第二個(gè)談話者并不是說(shuō)，他把耳朵貼在葡萄藤上才聽(tīng)到這個(gè)關(guān)于約翰的消息的！他只是在形象地表達(dá)一種意味，即這個(gè)消息通過(guò)一個(gè)類似葡萄藤的巨大網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播開(kāi)來(lái)。

　　We use idioms to express something that other words do not express as clearly or as cleverly. We often use an image or symbol to describe something as clearly as possible and thus make our point as effectively as possible. For example, "in a nutshell" suggests the idea of having all the information contained within very few words. Idioms tend to be informal and are best used in spoken rather than written English.

　　我們使用成語(yǔ)是要表達(dá)其它詞語(yǔ)無(wú)法如此清晰或如此巧妙表達(dá)的東西。我們經(jīng)常會(huì)運(yùn)用比喻和象征以便盡可能清晰地描述事物，因而可以盡可能有效地闡述我們的觀點(diǎn)。比如，“in a nutshell”表明的意思是，用很少幾個(gè)詞來(lái)涵蓋所要表達(dá)的全部意思。成語(yǔ)往往是非正式的，最好用于口語(yǔ)，而不要用在非書面表達(dá)中。

　　One of the best ways to learn an idiom is by looking at the context in which it is used. This can be done by concentrating on the rest of the sentence and try to guess the meaning. Many idioms are not that difficult to understand when conside

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