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情態(tài)動詞復習教案

時間:2023-04-25 18:42:54 教案 我要投稿
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情態(tài)動詞復習教案

情態(tài)動詞復習教案   高考考點: 1. 情態(tài)動詞主要用來表示說話人的看法、態(tài)度等, 2. 情態(tài)動詞表推測 所需課時:三課時 內容講解: 一、情態(tài)動詞主要用來表示說話人的看法、態(tài)度等, 1. can (could) 1) 表示能力,could主要指過去時間。例如: ① Two eyes can see more than one.   兩只眼比一只眼看得清。 ② Could the girl read before she went to school?   這女孩上學前能識字嗎? 2) 表示允許。例如: ① Can I have a look at your new pen?   我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎? ② He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading—room.  他問他可不可以把書帶出閱覽室。 3) 表驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。例如: ① Where can (could) they have gone to?   他們會去哪兒了呢? ② How can you be so careless?   你怎么這么粗心? 4) 比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。例如: ① Can (Could) you lend me a hand?   幫我一把好嗎?. ② I’m afraid we couldn’t give you an answer today.  恐怕我們今天不能給你答復。 2.may (might) 1) 表允許,might可以指過去時間,也可指現(xiàn)在時間,語氣更委婉。例如: ① You may take whatever you like.你喜歡什么就拿什么。 ② May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎? 2)在回答以may引起的問句時,多避免用這個詞,而用其它方式,如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don’t. / You’d better not. / No, you mustn’t.等,以免顯得太嚴峻或不客氣。 3 must 表示義務。意為“必須”(主觀意志)。例如: ① We must do everything step by step.   我們一切都必須循序漸進地做。 ② --Must we hand in our exercise books now?我們現(xiàn)在就要交練習本嗎? --No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.   不必。 3.shall 1) 表征詢意見,用于第一、第三人稱疑問句。例如: ① Shall I get you some tea?   我給你點茶好嗎? ② Shall the boy wait outside?  讓那男孩在外面等嗎? 2) 表說話人的意愿,有“命令、允諾、警告、決心”等意思,用于第二、第三人稱陳述句。 例如: ① You shall do as I say. 按我說的做。(命令) ② You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答復。(允諾) ③ He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他會后悔的,我告訴你。(警告) ④ Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我們執(zhí)行這項計劃。(決心) 4.will 1) 表意愿,用于各種人稱陳述句。例如: ① I will do anything for you.   我愿為你做任何事。 ② None is so blind as those who won’t see.   不愿看的人眼最瞎。 ③ If you will read the book, I’ll lend it to you.  如果你愿意讀這本書,我會把它借給你。 2) 表請求,用于疑問句。例如: ① Will you close the window?   請你把窗戶關上好嗎? ② Won’t you drink some more coffee?   再來一點咖啡好嗎? 3) 表示某種傾向或習慣性動作。例如: ① Fish will die out of water.   魚離開水就不能活。 ② The door won’t open.  這門打不開。 5. should 1) 表義務。意為“應該”(某件事宜于做),用于各種人稱。例如: ① You should be polite to your teachers.   你對老師應該有禮貌。 ② You shouldn’t waste any time.   你不應該浪費時間。 2)(表示不確定)萬一。例如: ① If I should see him, Ill tell him. 萬一我見到他,我就告訴他。 ② If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be postponed. 萬一明天下雨,比賽就延期舉行。 6.  would 1) 表意愿。例如:: ① They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他們不讓他進去因為他衣著破舊。 ② I said I would do anything for you.   我說過我愿意為你做任何事。 2) 表委婉地提出請求、建議或看法。例如: ① Would you mind cleaning the window?   請把窗戶擦一下好嗎? ② They wouldn’t have anything against it.   他們不會有什么反對意見。 3) 表過去反復發(fā)生的動作或過去的一種傾向。例如:: Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.   她每遇到麻煩都會向她求助。他告訴我盒子打不開了。 7.ought to 表義務,意為“應該”(因責任、義務等該做),口氣比should稍重。例如: ① You are his father. You ought to take care of him.你是他父親,應當管他。 ② You oughtn’t to smoke so much.   你不應該抽這么多煙。 8. used to 表示過去的習慣動作或狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在不復發(fā)生或存在。疑問式和否定式有兩種。例如:i ① There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down.   街道拐角處過去有座樓房,現(xiàn)在拆了。 ② I usedn’t (didn’t use) to smoke.   我過去不抽煙。j }F ③ Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你過去常步行去學校嗎? 9.特殊情態(tài)動詞need和dare的用法: need和dare既可用作情態(tài)動詞,也可用作實義動詞。用作情態(tài)動詞時,主要用于否定句和疑問句。用作實義動詞時,可用于各種句式。 1) 用作情態(tài)動詞。例如:| ① You needn’t telephone him now.   你現(xiàn)在不必打電話給他。 ② I don’t think you need worry.   我想你不必發(fā)愁。 ③ She dare not go out alone at night.   她晚上不敢一個人出去。 ④ How dare you say I’m unfair?   你竟敢說我不公平?_ 2) 用作實義動詞。例如: ① You don’t need to do it yourself.   你不必親自做這件事。 ② We need to tell them the news.   我們需要把這消息告訴他們。 ③ The table needs painting (to be painted.).   桌子需要油漆一下。 ④ We should dare to give our own opinion.   我們要敢于提出自己的觀點。 ⑤ He did not dare (to) look up.   他不敢抬頭看。 ⑥ I dare say he’ll come again.   我想他會再來的。 【注意】(I dare say…為固定習語) 二、 情態(tài)動詞表推測 常用表推測情態(tài)動詞的用法: 1.can 表示可能(理論上或是邏輯判斷上)。例如:~,>_K ① He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car.  他不可能有足夠的錢買新車。 ② You mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire.  在林子里走時勿吸煙,那樣可能會引起火災。 2.may  表可能(事實上)?梢灾高^去時間,也可以指現(xiàn)在時間,但語氣更加不肯定。 例如: ① He may be at home.   他可能在家。\ ② She may not know about it.   她可能不知道這件事。 3. must 表示揣測。意為“想必、準是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。 例如: ① He must be ill. He looks so pale.   他準是病了。他的臉色蒼白。 ② She’s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 她戴著鉆石項鏈,一定很有錢。: 4. should  表推測,意為“想必一定、照說應該、估計”等。例如: ① The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.  這部新電影是一流演員主演的,估計拍得很好。 ② They should be home by now.   照說他們現(xiàn)在應當已經到家了。 5. ought to 表推測,暗含很大的可能,語氣較弱。例如: ① Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韓梅該知道他的電話號碼。 ② There’s a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow.  今天有晚霞,明天應該是個好天。 6. could可能性不大,語氣較弱。 7 might 可能性最小,語氣最弱。 備注: 表示可能性大小的順序為: must > will > would > ought to > should > can > could> may> might   結構: 1情態(tài)動詞+ 動詞原形 (對現(xiàn)在和將來的動作進行推測) He must understand that we mean business. 2情態(tài)動詞+ be +doing  (對正在發(fā)生的動作進行推測) ----Where is LiLei ? ---- He may be studying at school. 3.情態(tài)動詞+ have +done  ( 對過去的動作進行推測) must have done 一定干了某事 could have done 可能干了某是或本可以干了某事 may/might have done 也許已經干了某事 should/ ought to have done 本應該做了某事可是沒有做 need not have done 本不必干了某事 had better have done  最好干了某事 would rather  have done 寧愿干了某事 would like / love have done 本想干了某事其實未干 Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 備注: 情態(tài)動詞 + have +done 反義問句的結構由有無時間狀語來決定。 Lucy must have worked last night, didn’t she? Lucy must have worked , hasn’t she? 4.情態(tài)動詞+ have been + v-ing形式  (表示推測或評論過去某動作是否正在進行或一直在進行) They should have been meeting to discuss the problem. 三、情態(tài)動詞其它用法 1. cannot but do sth. 表示不得不,只好  I cannot but choose to go. 2. may well +動詞原形 完全能, 很可能 He may well be proud of his son. 3. may as well 最好…… We may as well stay where we are. 4 cannot ( 或neve

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