英語教案推薦：The football match
教學目標
教學目標
1．學習、運用表示委婉的否定、贊賞、決心、愿望和鼓勵的用語。
2．掌握本單元的詞匯和習慣用語，特別是deserve to, be pleased with, be angry with等短語的用法。
3．進一步學習過去完成時態(tài)，特別是它的時間狀語的表示方式：作主句是過去時的賓語；由when引導的表示過去時間發(fā)生動作之前已發(fā)生的動作；有明確短語“By…”表示的過去動作之前已發(fā)生的動作。須注意的是：它表示過去的過去的動作對過去的影響或過去的過去的動作延續(xù)到過去。
4．認真學習“Girls beat boys”，掌握一些相關足球的術語：draw，kick，goal，etc．
5．繼續(xù)進行書寫日記的寫作訓練。
本單元所出現的詞組與交際用語
1. 本單元詞組
by the time 到…的時候
never mind 沒有關系
spill over 溢出
from now on 從現在起；今后
deserve to 應受；值得
carry on 經營；繼續(xù)（工作）
be pleased with 對于……感到滿意
be angry with 對于……感到生氣
Number 52 Middle school 第52中學
a big score 一個大比分
such an exciting match 一場如此激動心的比賽
in the last fifteen minutes 在最后十五分鐘內
think of… 想起，考慮……
leave…at home 把……忘在家里
make a good football player 成為一名出色的足球隊員
used to do 過去常做
lose to somebody 輸給某人
beat them 4~3 ４比３戰(zhàn)勝他們
a team of girls 一支女隊
the most embarrassing day of my life 我生活中最困惑的一天&
nbsp;
deserve to win 贏在情理之中
deserve to lose 理應輸球
their best striker 他們的最佳前鋒
the mid- field player 中場球員
feel a bit nervous 感覺有點兒緊張
make the score 2－1 2比１改寫比分
in the second half 在下半場
go over 踢過
after that 從那以后
carry on working hard 繼續(xù)努力工作
as a result 因為這個原因
keep passing the ball 堅持傳球
expect to do 期望做某事
take part 參加
be busy with 忙于……
get hurt 受傷
receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的來信
2. 交際用語和句型
交際用語
表示感情 Expressing certain emotions
a. 喜悅 Pleasure, joy
It was great. 棒極了。
That’s a big score. 大比分。
b. 驚奇 Surprise
Wow! 哇！
Yeah! 是！
Oh dear! 天哪！
c. 感謝 Thanks
Thanks for your last letter. 感謝你的上次來信。
d. 日期 The time
Sunday, May 10. 五月十日，星期天。
主要句型
Statement 陳述句
He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 他說他以前從來沒看過這樣精彩的'比賽。
When I got to the check-out, I realized I had left my purse at home. 當我到達收銀臺的時候我意識到我的錢包忘在家里。
By the time I got there, the bus had already gone. 當我到達那兒的時候，公共汽車已經開了。
教學建議（一）
教材內容的分析
本單元是圍繞足球賽這個話題展開的，學習了如何談論足球比賽，以及一些與足球比賽相關的實際用語。本單元的語法項目還仍舊是過去完成時態(tài)，通過一般過去時態(tài)與過去完成時態(tài)的比較，在第十四單元學過的基礎上，進一步歸納總結了過去完成時態(tài)。它表示在過去某一時間之前發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；表示從過去某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)；在復合句中表示兩個動作的先后關系。認真學習“Girls beat boys”，掌握重點詞匯和習慣用語的用法。本單元還要求我們繼續(xù)進行書寫日記的寫作訓練。同時，還要掌握英文書信的書寫格式。
本單元重點例句及相關知識分析
1．Do you like watching or playing football?
你是喜歡足球，還是喜歡踢足球？
本句是選擇疑問句，選擇疑問句回答方式如下：
�。�1）“What would you like to have, coffee, tea or milk?”“None”．
“你要喝什么，咖啡、茶還是牛奶？””都不要�！保ㄈ咭陨隙疾唬�
（2）“Who are you going to see, John or Bill？”“John．”
“你要去見誰，約翰還是比爾？”“見約翰�！保ㄖ贿x其中之一）
�。�3）“What would you like, rice or noodles?”“Either.”
“你要吃什么，米飯還是面條？”“隨便�！保ū硎酒渲腥魏我粋�都行）
（4）“Do you want this book or that one?”“你要這本書，還是那本書？”
“I want both．”“兩本我都要�！保▋烧叨家�
注：兩者都不要用neither，三者以上都要用all。
2. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 他說在以前他從來沒有看見過這么激動的比賽。
句中such是形容詞，意思是“這樣，那樣”，加強語氣，表示驚奇的情緒，跟形容詞連用。such an exciting match 相當于so exciting a match (這么激動的比賽)。如：
It was such a lovely day.相當于It was so lovely a day. 那是一個非常美好的日子。
I have never seen such a large one. 相當于I have never seen so large a one . 我從沒有見過這樣大的東西。
3. In a surprising result, the No .69 Middle School girls’ football team yesterday beat their school’s boys’ team. 報出冷門，第69 中學女子足球隊戰(zhàn)勝了他們學校的男子足球隊。
句中beat 是動詞，意思是“連續(xù)地打; 打敗; 敲打”。beat后可接人或隊名。意思是“擊敗對手�！比纾�
I can beat you at swimming. 游泳我比得過你。
The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麥子被雨水打得倒伏了。
The rain beat against the window. 雨水打在窗戶上。
beat 與win、hit的區(qū)別：
win意思是“贏得某個項目”，后面常接“match, game”。如：
He won a game. 他勝一局。
We won a match. 我們比賽得勝。
The boys were winning 2-0. 男孩們正以2比0獲勝。
hit意思是“擊中”（有時可表示“打一下”）。如：
The mother hit her child out of anger. 媽媽生氣，打了她孩子一下。
4. We all thought this would be an easy game. 我們都原以為這是一場容易的比賽。
句中的thought 是動詞，意思是“原想；以為”。這是虛擬語氣，注意從句用過去時，“表示結果不是這樣”。如：
I thought he was a clever boy. 我原以為他是個聰明的男孩。（ 他其實并不聰明）
區(qū)別：I think he is a clever boy. 我認為他是個聰明的男孩。（他很可能是聰明的）
5. He thought the girls deserved to win. 他認為女隊應該贏。
（1）deserve應該得到、值得，其后可帶名詞或不定式作賓語。
例：Good work deserves good pay. 好的工作應得好的報酬。
�。�2）deserve不能用于進行時態(tài)；deserving是個形容詞，解釋“值得的”，常與of連用。
例：be deserving of sympathy 值得同情。
6. His excellent shot went low to the left of the girls’ goal. 他以一腳刁鉆的地滾球射向女隊球門的左邊。
句中l(wèi)ow是副詞，意思是“低下地，近地平線地”。如：
The sun sank low. 太陽西下接近地平線。
He spoke low just now. 剛才他低聲講話。
7. However ,after that the boys became relaxed and lazy, but the girls carried on working hard.然而，男隊變得松懈和懶散，而女隊卻繼續(xù)拼搏。
句中carried on working hard 相當于carried on with the work hard意思是“繼續(xù)努力工作”。如：
He told them to carry on the work. 他叫他們繼續(xù)工作。
carry on意思是“經營；繼續(xù)”。如：
He carried on business for many years in HK. 他在香港經營商業(yè)多年。
They decided to carry on in spite of the weather．不管天氣如何他們決定繼續(xù)做下去。
Rising costs made it hard to carry on the business．上漲的成本使得生意難做。
8. Then Li Xiaolin scored twice in the last six minutes to make the final score 4-3.
于是，在結束的前六分鐘，李小琳第二次進球將比分鎖定在4比3。
句中final 是形容詞，意思時“最后的”。如：
The final game of the football will begin. 足球決賽將開始。
The final unit of the book is Unit18. 本書最后一單元是18單元。
9. I guess the girls are very pleased with themselves. 我猜女隊對她們自己是非常滿意的。
句中be pleased with意思是“對……高興；對于……滿意”。如：
I’m very pleased with what he has done. 我對他所做的一切非常滿意。
We’re quite pleased with your success. 我為你的成功十分高興。
10. At half time, Miss Wang told us,“From now on, just keep passing the ball and play together as a team.” 在半場（休息）時，王老師告訴我們，“從現在起，就要堅持傳球，作為一個隊整體配合�！�
�。� 句中from now no 是介詞短語，意思是“從現在起”。如：
We should study still harder from now on. 今后我們應更加努力地學習。
�。� 句中keep passing 是動詞短語，意思是“堅持傳……”。keep doing側重表示“持續(xù)不停地做某事”或“持續(xù)某種狀態(tài)”。如：
The girl kept crying all the time. 那個女孩一直在哭。
The baby kept sleeping about four hours. 這個嬰兒連續(xù)睡了大約四個小時。
而keep on doing 表示“總不斷做某事”，不表示靜止狀態(tài)。不能與sitting、sleepin
g、lying、standing這類詞連用。如：
It kept on raining for seven days. 雨持續(xù)下了七天。
Don’t keep on asking such silly questions. 不要老問這些怪問題。
11. I expect that was funny. 我料想那是有趣的。
句中expect 是動詞，意思是“認為；料想”是虛擬語氣。如：
I expect that he went to town yesterday. 我以為他明天進城去。
— Will he be late ? — 他會不會遲到？
— I expect so. — 我想會的。
I don’t expect so. 相當于I expect not. 我想不會的。
12. …and it’s quite easy for players to get hurt．……運動員受傷是很容易的。
get, turn, become三個詞都可作系動詞用，表示狀態(tài)的變化，后跟表語，但三個詞的用法稍有不同。get強調情感、氣候和環(huán)境的變化；turn強調色彩的變化；而become則強調職務、職稱等的變化。如：
�。�1）The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter．
冬天的白天越來越短。
（2）She couldn’t answer the question and her face turned red．
她回答不出問題，臉紅了。
�。�3）-- How long have you been a teacher？-- For ten years.
你當老師有多長時間了？十年了。
When did you become a teacher? – Ten years ago.
你什么時候當的老師？十年前。
教學建議（二）
過去完成時的教學建議
本書第54課中對過去完成時的結構已有闡述，本單元著重講解過去完成時的使用場合。
講解完成后，學生應能夠對過去完成時有一個比較完整明確的概念。
1．教學by與before這兩個介詞所表達的時間概念
過去時表示在過去某一時刻或一段時間發(fā)生的動作，過去完成時則是表示過去某一時間
之前已經發(fā)生或完成的動作，即俗稱的“過去的過去”�！癰y+某時”是“到了某時已經……”的意思；“before+某時”是“在……時以前”的意思。教學中可考慮創(chuàng)造些情景，并借助時
間軸來幫助理解。
情景l(fā) Jane was busy yesterday. She was working in her office all evening. Her friends Mary and Jack came to visit her. They were waiting in her house the whole evening. Jane finished her work at last. She came home at nine. But Mary and Jack had left her house before nine. They didn t see each other. What a pity!
此番情景可以用時間軸來表示， 在軸上標出說話時間，過去 (即Jane came home的時間)，過去的過去(即Mary and Jack left的時間)。將句子寫在黑板上，并用彩色筆標出at與before兩個詞。
Jane came home at nine.
Mary and Jack had left her house before nine.
幫助學生理解at nine，在九點；before nine，九點前就…… (動詞要用過去完成時)
情景2 Meimei and I were making dumplings for supper yesterday. We decided to have a contest to see who could make dumplings faster. We started our contest at 5 o clock and stopped it at 5 :15. At 5 :5, Meimei was making her 24th dumpling. By that time I had already finished 27 dumplings. I won!
用時間軸表示出時間關系，在黑板上寫出句子，說明at 5:15(在五點一刻)；by that time，(到五點一刻時為止)。
At 5:15, Meimei was making her 24th dumpling.
By that time I had already finished 27 dumplings. (動詞用過去完成時)
情景3 要求學生就情景3講出一個用過去完成時造出的句子。West Hill Farm is a
beautiful place and there are many sheep, cows, dogs and horses there. I like to go there very much. In the autumn of 1995, I went there for the first time. Last year, I went there twice with my parents. So by the end of last year .... 讓學生自己續(xù)完句子：
By the end of last year, I had been to West Hill Farm three times.
情景4 Lucy and Lily went to West Hill Farm yesterday. They were helping a farmer do the farm work in the morning. At that time he was in town. He came back at noon and found…
替換詞：
milk the cows / by noon take the sheep to the fields / by noon
give the horses their food / by noon clean the pigsty / by noon
2．教學中提醒學生注意主句和從句中謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生的先后。在已經學過的帶有賓語從句和狀語從句的復合句中，經常存在先后兩個動作。先發(fā)生的動作往往用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的動作用過去時。如：He said that he had already watched the football match.句中看球賽的動作發(fā)生在他說話之前 ，即他說話時看球賽的動作已經完成 。又如：When I got to the station, the train had already left. 火車離開的動作發(fā)生在我到達車站之前。
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