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2024考研英語完形填空部分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案(新東方)
考研英語，選拔性英語考試。碩士研究生教育按照培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的不同，分為學(xué)術(shù)型研究生和專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生。學(xué)術(shù)型研究生的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)是高層次學(xué)術(shù)研究型專門人才，專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)是具有扎實(shí)理論基礎(chǔ)，并適應(yīng)特定行業(yè)或職業(yè)實(shí)際工作需要的應(yīng)用型高層次專門人才。下面是小編為大家整理的2024考研英語完形填空部分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案(新東方)，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。
考研英語完形填空部分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案(新東方)1
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
It’s not difficult to set targets for staff.It is much harder,1,to understand their negative consequences.Most work-related behaviors have multiple components.2 one and the others become distorted.
Travel on a London bus and you’ll 3 see how this works with drivers.Watch people get on and show their tickets.Are they carefully inspected?Never.Do people get on without paying?Of course! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid?Possibly,but very few.And people who run for the bus?They are 5.How about jumping lights?Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.
Why?Because the target is 6.People complained that buses were late and infrequent.7,the number of buses and bus lanes were increased,and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took.And drivers hit these targets.But they 9 hit cyclists.If the target was changed to 10,you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing.If the criterion changed to safety,you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws.But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.
There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets.Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time?Tailwinds?Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take.A one-hour flight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.
The 15 of the story is simple.Most jobs are multidimensional,with multiple criteria.Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others.Everything can be done faster and made cheaper,but there is a 17.Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.
This is not an argument against target-setting.But it is an argument for exploring consequences first.All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time,money,quality and customer feedback.The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective,but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.
1.[A]therefore [B]however [C]again [D]moreover
2.[A]Emphasize [B]Identify [C]Assess [D]Explain
3.[A]nearly [B]curiously [C]eagerly [D]quickly
4.[A]claim [B]prove [C]check [D]recall
5.[A]threatened [B]ignored [C]mocked [D]blamed
6.[A]punctuality [B]hospitality [C]competition [D]innovation
7.[A]Yet [B]So [C]Besides [D]Still
8.[A]hired [B]trained [C]rewarded [D]grouped
9.[A]only [B]rather [C]once [D]also
10.[A]comfort [B]revenue [C]efficiency [D]security
11.[A]friendly [B]quiet [C]cautious [D]diligent
12.[A]purpose [B]problem [C]prejudice [D]policy
13.[A]reported [B]revealed [C]admitted [D]noticed
14.[A]break [B]trip [C]departure [D]transfer
15.[A]moral [B]background [C]style [D]form
16.[A]interpret [B]criticize [C]sacrifice [D]tolerate
17.[A]task [B]secret [C]product [D]cost
18.[A]leading to [B]calling for [C]relating to [D]accounting for
19.[A]specify [B]predict [C]restore [D]create
20.[A]modify [B]review [C]present [D]achieve
答案及解析
Section I Use of English
1.【答案】B(however)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。觀察選項(xiàng)可知，本題考查邏輯關(guān)系。比較前后兩句語義，即It’s not difficult to...(做……不難)和it is much harder to...(做……難得多)，由not difficult和much harder可知，前后兩句語義相反，B項(xiàng)however(提示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)therefore(因此)提示因果關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)again(又、再)提示并列關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)moreover(而且)提示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
2.【答案】A(Emphasize)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。句中one和the other提示對(duì)比關(guān)系，and前后語義相反。由and后的the others become distorted(其余的就被扭曲了)可知，A項(xiàng)Emphasize(強(qiáng)調(diào))符合原文邏輯關(guān)系，即，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)，其余則被忽略扭曲。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)Identify(識(shí)別)，C項(xiàng)Assess(評(píng)估)，D項(xiàng)Explain(解釋)均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
3.【答案】D(quickly)
【解析】語境題。代詞this指代前一句的觀點(diǎn)，即，設(shè)定目標(biāo)會(huì)帶來負(fù)面后果：只強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，其余則被忽略扭曲。本句是對(duì)該觀點(diǎn)的舉例論述。對(duì)比各項(xiàng)語義：A項(xiàng)nearly(幾乎)，B項(xiàng)curiously(好奇地)，C項(xiàng)eagerly(渴望地)和D項(xiàng)quickly(快速地)。其中D項(xiàng)符合原文語義，即：坐上倫敦公交車，你很快就會(huì)看到這點(diǎn)是如何體現(xiàn)在司機(jī)身上的(Travel on a London bus and you’ll quickly see how this works with drivers)。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。
4.【答案】C(check)
【解析】語境題。觀察本段句式特點(diǎn)，可知，本段首句(Watch people get on and show their tickets)與下文為總分關(guān)系。作者隨后以自問自答的形式，引出在公交車上乘車買票這一場景中幾個(gè)群體的表現(xiàn)。由前文Do people get on without paying?Of course!(人們會(huì)逃票上車嗎?當(dāng)然!)對(duì)乘客表現(xiàn)的提問可知，本句要對(duì)檢票員(inspectors)是否盡到檢票責(zé)任提問。因此C項(xiàng)check(檢查)符合原文語義。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)claim(宣稱)，B項(xiàng)prove(證明)和D項(xiàng)recall(記起)均不符合原文語義。
5.【答案】B(ignored)
【解析】語境題。借助前文Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid?Possibly,but very few(有檢察員檢查大家是否支付嗎?可能有，但是很少)可知，本句對(duì)趕公交的人這個(gè)群體的提問也涉及到是否買票的問題。根據(jù)前文中各個(gè)群體的表現(xiàn)可知，他們買票與否很可能也無人注意。B項(xiàng)ignored(被忽視)符合語義，本題答案為B項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)threatened(被威脅)，C項(xiàng)mocked(被嘲弄)和D項(xiàng)blamed(被責(zé)備)均不符合原文語義。
6.【答案】A(punctuality)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。本句為段首句，本段下文與段首句為總分關(guān)系，語義一致。借助下文中drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took(司機(jī)根據(jù)所用的時(shí)長獲得8或懲罰)，以及And drivers hit their targets(司機(jī)們達(dá)到他們的目標(biāo))，可知，本句的target(目標(biāo))與時(shí)間有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)punctuality(準(zhǔn)時(shí))符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
干擾選項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)hospitality(好客)，C項(xiàng)competition(競爭)和D項(xiàng)innovation(創(chuàng)新)均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
7.【答案】B(So)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。觀察選項(xiàng)可知，本題考查句間邏輯關(guān)系。比較前后兩句語義，即People complained that buses were late and infrequent(人們抱怨公交車晚點(diǎn)且班次較少)和the number of buses and bus lanes were increased(公交車和公交車道的數(shù)量增加)，可知二者為因果關(guān)系，即，人們抱怨為因，增加公交車數(shù)量為果。B項(xiàng)So(所以)符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)Yet(然而)，C項(xiàng)Besides(此外)和D項(xiàng)Still(仍然)均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
8.【答案】C(rewarded)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。or(或者)提示選擇關(guān)系，由or后面的punished(懲罰)可知，C項(xiàng)rewarded(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))符合原文邏輯，即，根據(jù)所花時(shí)長，司機(jī)們或接受獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)或遭受懲罰。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)hired(被雇傭)，B項(xiàng)trained(被培訓(xùn))和D項(xiàng)grouped(被分組)均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
9.【答案】D(also)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。觀察選項(xiàng)可知，本題考查句間邏輯關(guān)系。比較上句drivers hit these targets與本句they 9 hit cyclists，可發(fā)現(xiàn)，hit為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，提示兩句為平行結(jié)構(gòu)，D項(xiàng)also(也)符合原文邏輯，即，兩個(gè)hit兩個(gè)目標(biāo)：前者h(yuǎn)it到的是真正目標(biāo);后者h(yuǎn)it到的是cyclists，意為誤撞。由此引出設(shè)定目標(biāo)帶來的負(fù)面后果。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)only(只有)，B項(xiàng)rather(寧可)和C項(xiàng)once(一旦)均不符合原文語義。
10.【答案】B(revenue)
【解析】語境題。根據(jù)后半句you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing(你將會(huì)看到更多檢票員和更敏感的價(jià)格)可知，本題與金錢有關(guān)。B項(xiàng)revenue(收益)符合原文語義。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)comfort(舒適)，C項(xiàng)efficiency(效率)和D項(xiàng)security(安全)均不符合原文語義。
11.【答案】C(cautious)
【解析】語境題。本句選項(xiàng)均為修飾drivers(司機(jī))的形容詞，根據(jù)本句If the criterion changed to safety(如果把標(biāo)準(zhǔn)改為安全性)可知，修飾司機(jī)的形容詞需要體現(xiàn)司機(jī)安全駕駛的能力。因此D項(xiàng)cautious(謹(jǐn)慎的)符合原文語義，即，你將會(huì)看到更加謹(jǐn)慎且遵守交通規(guī)則的司機(jī)。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)friendly(友好的)，B項(xiàng)quiet(安靜的)和D項(xiàng)diligent(勤勉的)均不符合原文語義。
12.【答案】B(problem)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。another提示本句與前文語義一致。根據(jù)上句But both these criterion would be at the expense of time(此處criterion可理解為target，意為：但這兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都將以犧牲時(shí)間為代價(jià))，可知，前文在說設(shè)立目標(biāo)所致的負(fù)面影響。B項(xiàng)problem(問題)可與前文的負(fù)面影響進(jìn)行呼應(yīng)，符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)purpose(目的)，C項(xiàng)prejudice(偏見)和D項(xiàng)policy(政策)均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
13.【答案】D(noticed)
【解析】語境題。比較各項(xiàng)語義，A項(xiàng)reported(報(bào)道)，B項(xiàng)revealed(揭露)，C項(xiàng)admitted(承認(rèn))和D項(xiàng)noticed(注意到)，可知，D項(xiàng)符合原文語義，即：你是否注意到，飛機(jī)起飛遲了一小時(shí)，卻仍然準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)?本題答案為D項(xiàng)。
14.【答案】B(trip)
【解析】語境題。根據(jù)13題所在句語義“飛機(jī)起飛遲了一小時(shí)，卻仍然準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)”，及下句A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight(一小時(shí)的航程按兩個(gè)小時(shí)收費(fèi))可知，此處，航空公司改變的是trip(旅程、航程)應(yīng)花的時(shí)長。本題答案為B項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)break(休息)，C項(xiàng)departure(離開)和D項(xiàng)transfer(轉(zhuǎn)移)均不符合原文語義。
15.【答案】A(moral)
【解析】語境題。the story指代前文航空公司為準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)而修改航班實(shí)際時(shí)長，本句是對(duì)該故事的總結(jié)。A項(xiàng)moral(寓意)與story組成“the moral of the story”，意為“該故事的寓意”，符合原文語義。本題答案為A。
干擾選項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)background(背景)，C項(xiàng)style(風(fēng)格)和D項(xiàng)form(形式)均不符合原文語義。
16.【答案】C(sacrifice)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。one和others提示對(duì)比，and前后內(nèi)容語義相反。而且，本句與前一句所組成的結(jié)構(gòu)“Most jobs are multidimensional,with multiple criteria.Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others”與首段最后兩句的結(jié)構(gòu)Most work-related behaviors have multiple components.2 one and the others become distorted相似，語義也相近。借助首段對(duì)應(yīng)部分的the others become distorted可知，C項(xiàng)符合原文邏輯關(guān)系，即：選擇一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，你可能就要犧牲另一個(gè)。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)interpret(詮釋)，B項(xiàng)criticize(批評(píng))和D項(xiàng)tolerate(容忍)，均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
17.【答案】D(cost)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。本句中的but提示前后語義相反。由前半句Everything can be done faster and made cheaper(每件事都可以完成得很快，成本很低)可知，D項(xiàng)cost(代價(jià))符合原文邏輯關(guān)系，即：但這是有代價(jià)的。本題答案為D項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)task(任務(wù))，B項(xiàng)secret(秘密)和C項(xiàng)product(產(chǎn)品)均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
18.【答案】C(relating to)
【解析】語境題。本題考查連接multiple criteria和critical factors的形容詞短語語義。比較各選項(xiàng)語義，A項(xiàng)leading to(導(dǎo)致)，B項(xiàng)calling for(要求)，C項(xiàng)relating to(關(guān)于)和D項(xiàng)accounting for(對(duì)……作出解釋)，可知，C項(xiàng)符合原文語義，即，所有好的目標(biāo)都應(yīng)具有與關(guān)鍵因素(如時(shí)間、金錢、質(zhì)量和用戶反饋)相關(guān)的多個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本題答案為C項(xiàng)。
19.【答案】A(specify)
【解析】邏輯關(guān)系題。not only...but also提示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，借助understand可知，先確定目標(biāo)才能進(jìn)一步理解目標(biāo)，所以A項(xiàng)specify(明確規(guī)定)符合原文邏輯關(guān)系，即，訣竅是不僅要確定目標(biāo)的一個(gè)甚至兩個(gè)方面，而且要理解……。本題答案為A項(xiàng)。
干擾選項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)predict(預(yù)測)，C項(xiàng)restore(恢復(fù))和D項(xiàng)create(創(chuàng)造)均不符合原文邏輯關(guān)系。
20.【答案】D(achieve)
【解析】語境題。比較各項(xiàng)語義，A項(xiàng)modify(修改)，B項(xiàng)review(復(fù)習(xí))和C項(xiàng)present(展示)和D項(xiàng)achieve(實(shí)現(xiàn))，可知D項(xiàng)最符合原文語義，即，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)(achieve the objective)。本題答案為D。
考研英語完形填空部分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案(新東方)2
Once,a king showed two men a large basket in the garden.He told them to fill it with water from a well.After they __1__ their work,he left them,saying,“When the sun is down,I will come and see your work.”
At last one of them said,“What’s the use of doing this foolish work?We can __2__ fill the basket.” __3__ man answered,“That is none of your business.” The first man said.“You may do as you like,but I am not going to work at __4__ so foolish.” He __5__ his bucket and went away.The other man said no word,and kept on carrying __6__.At last the well was almost __7__.
As he poured the last bucket of water into the basket,he saw a bright thing in it.He picked it up.It was a beautiful gold ring.Just then the king came.__8__ he saw the ring,he knew that he had found the kind of man he wanted.He told him to keep the ring for himself.“You __9__ so well in this little thing,” he said,“ __10__ now I know I can believe you with many things.”
1.A.finished B.did C.began D.had
2.A.ever B.never C.easily D.no
3.A.The other B.Another C.One D.A second
4.A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything
5.A.picked up B.put away C.took away D.threw away
6.A.water B.basket C.well D.work
7.A.full B.empty C.filled D.clean
8.A.While B.As soon as C.Before D.Since
9.A.have done B.will do C.do D.are doing
10.A.what B.why C.when D.that
答案簡析
1.C。這里did和finished都表示完成了這項(xiàng)工作，而給籃子裝滿水是不可能的，國王應(yīng)在兩人開始打水后不久離開，所以應(yīng)選began。
2.B。往籃子里盛滿水是永遠(yuǎn)不可能的，故選擇never。
3.A。兩者中的另一個(gè)用the other加名詞來表示。
4.C。the first man想離開，因?yàn)樗X得自己干的是無用功，故選擇nothing意為“從事某項(xiàng)工作”。
5.D。pick up意為“撿起”，pick away意為“放好”，take away意為“取走”，而throw down意為“扔掉、丟棄”，比較貼近文意，為正確選項(xiàng)。
6.A。根據(jù)文意，另一個(gè)人一直在打水，故選water。
7.B。不停地打水必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致井空，故選empty。
8.B。while引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，before和since不符合文意，as soon as…表示“一……就”為正確選項(xiàng)。
9.A。國王是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)誠實(shí)的人所做過的事情而表揚(yáng)他，所以應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)have done。
10.D。國王講的最后一句話是含有 “so……that”結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合句，意為“如此……以致”故選that。
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