考研英語(yǔ)真題解析 數(shù)字鴻溝

A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide—the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.

　　There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.

　　Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.

　　To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrials infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure—including roads, barbors, highways, ports and so on—were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you're going to be. That doesn't mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.

　　25. Digital divide is something _________.

　　[A]getting worse because of the Internet

　　[B]the rich countries are responsible for

　　[C]the world must guard against

　　[D]considered positive today

　　26. Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _________.

　　[A]offers economic potentials

　　[B]can bring foreign funds

　　[C]can soon wipe out world poverty

　　[D]connects people all over the world

　　27. The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of _________.

　　[A]providing financial support overseas

　　[B]preventing foreign capital's control

　　[C]building industrial infrastructure

　　[D]accepting foreign investment

　　28. It seems that now a country's economy depends much on _________.

　　[A]how well-developed it is electronically

　　[B]whether it is prejudiced against immigrants

　　[C]whether it adopts America's industrial pattern

　　[D]how much control it has over foreign corporations

　　名師解析

　　25. Digital divide is something _______. 數(shù)字鴻溝是______。

　　[A]getting worse because of the Internet 因?yàn)橐蛱鼐W(wǎng)而變得更加糟糕

　　[B]the rich countries are responsible for 由富裕國(guó)家應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任的

　　[C]the world must guard against 全世界都要警惕的

　　[D]considered positive today 今天被認(rèn)為是積極的

　　【答案】 C

　　【考點(diǎn)】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

　　【分析】 通過(guò)題干關(guān)鍵詞“數(shù)字鴻溝”定位到第一段。第一句是對(duì)“數(shù)字鴻溝”所下的一個(gè)定義。其后作者提到，他和妻子20年前就談到這種隱伏的的危險(xiǎn)，這里的“l(fā)ooming danger”指的就是“the digital divide”。早在20年前，防止產(chǎn)生這種鴻溝的積極因素還不太明顯，而今天作者認(rèn)為是樂(lè)觀的。同時(shí)定位到第二段，作者提到了“因特網(wǎng)的普及使這種鴻溝正得到縮小”，可見(jiàn)，選項(xiàng)[A]是錯(cuò)誤的，“因?yàn)橐蛱鼐W(wǎng)而變得糟糕”與原文意思相左。[B]不對(duì)，是因?yàn)樽髡邲](méi)有提到這個(gè)方面。在作者看來(lái)，這種鴻溝是不好的現(xiàn)象，而網(wǎng)絡(luò)的普及能幫助世界戰(zhàn)勝貧困。[D]的說(shuō)法顯然是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)樽髡呔褪且�消除這個(gè)鴻溝。

　　26. Governments attach importance to the Internet because it ______.

　　政府重視因特網(wǎng)是因?yàn)樗黖_______。

　　[A]offers economic potentials 提供很多經(jīng)濟(jì)可能

　　[B]can bring foreign funds 能夠帶來(lái)外國(guó)資金

　　[C]can soon wipe out world poverty 能夠很快消除世界貧困

　　[D]connects people all over the world 將世界人民連在一起

　　【答案】 A

　　【考點(diǎn)】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

　　【分析】 定位到第二段，文中提到“政府之所以大力推廣因特網(wǎng)是出于因特網(wǎng)可能成為消除貧困的最好的工具的考慮”。第三段更是提到“因特網(wǎng)可能具有巨大的潛力”。因此可以判斷[A]是正確的。[B]選項(xiàng)認(rèn)為“可以帶來(lái)海外投資”，這僅僅是局部因素。[C]選項(xiàng)中，雖然作者提到了“國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利用可能是戰(zhàn)勝貧困的工具”，但這僅僅是一種潛在的力量，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)能夠很快消除貧困。[D]選項(xiàng)也是因特網(wǎng)的一個(gè)主要功能，但是也不是政府重視的主要原因。

　　27. The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of _________.

　　作者提到美國(guó)的案例是為了證明__________政策是對(duì)的。

　　[A]providing financial support overseas 為海外提供資金支持

　　[B]preventing foreign capital’s control 防止外國(guó)資金控制

　　[C]building industrial infrastructure 建設(shè)工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)

　　[D]accepting foreign investment 接受外國(guó)投資

　　【答案】 D

　　【考點(diǎn)】 作者意圖題。

　　【分析】 在第四段，美國(guó)和巴西的例子都被作者用以說(shuō)明拋棄過(guò)去的在那種在利用外資上的，過(guò)時(shí)的反殖民偏見(jiàn)，提出充分利用外資建立電子基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的重要性，并且指出，哪個(gè)國(guó)家在建設(shè)“第三次浪潮”的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施上利用外資多，哪個(gè)國(guó)家就將變得更富裕。因此可以判斷正確選項(xiàng)是[D]。[A]選項(xiàng)把吸收外資的重要性和美國(guó)提供海外資金混淆起來(lái)。[B]的說(shuō)法無(wú)法從美國(guó)這個(gè)案例中推斷出來(lái)。[C]錯(cuò)在“工業(yè)”這個(gè)概念上。

　　28. It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on _____.

　　現(xiàn)在，一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)看起來(lái)極大地依賴于_______。

　　[A]how well developed it is electronically 它的電子發(fā)展程度

　　[B]whether it is prejudiced against immigrants 它是否歧視移民

　　[C]whether it adopts America’s industrial pattern 它是否接受美國(guó)的工業(yè)模式

　　[D]how much control it has over foreign corporations 它對(duì)外國(guó)公司的控制有多大

　　【答案】 A

　　【考點(diǎn)】 推斷題。

　　【分析】 文章最后一段提到哪個(gè)國(guó)家在建設(shè)“第三次浪潮”的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施上利用外資多，哪個(gè)國(guó)家就將變得更富裕。這里的“第三次浪潮”指的就是“電子基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)”。因此選項(xiàng)[A]是正確的。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，[B]和[D]文中沒(méi)有提到。[C]再次出現(xiàn)“工業(yè)模式”，因此不正確。

　　難句解析：

　　1. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句主句是“It is in the interest of business to universalize access”，“as”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，“隨著”，而非“因?yàn)椤保�后面破折�?hào)的部分是進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明前面的主句。

　　2. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrast

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