福建省菜園土壤重金屬的含量及其污染評價

摘要： 采集了福建省26個縣市158份菜園表層土壤樣品,測定了土壤樣品中重金屬含量,采用單項及綜合污染指數(shù)法對土壤重金屬污染進行評價分析,并通過元素相關(guān)性分析和聚類分析,研究了菜園土壤重金屬元素的賦存特征與區(qū)域分布.結(jié)果表明,福建省菜園土壤存在著不同程度的重金屬污染,主要污染元素為Pb,Hg和Cd;元素相關(guān)性分析與聚類分析的結(jié)果表明:Cu,Zn,Ni和As具有伴隨污染的特點,其污染源主要來自土壤母質(zhì)和大量施用的農(nóng)藥和化肥;Cd,Pb和Hg在土壤中各聚成一類,說明它們在菜園土壤具有較獨特的污染源,特別是Cd和Hg,其污染特征明顯.而Pb和Cd雖有各自的污染源,但其污染具有一定的相關(guān)性. Abstract： Concentrations of heavy metals in 158 top-soils collected in 26 cities in Fujian Province are measured, and the contamination of heavy metals in soils is assessed with single-factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index. In addition, the regional distribution and pollution sources of heavy metals in soils are also investigated with the methods of elemental correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results show that most of the soils in the sampled areas are contaminated to some extent, with heavy metals including Pb, Cd and Hg. The results of correlation analysis show that Cu, Zn, Ni and As are the concomitant elements in soils, which indicates that these elements commonly exist together in the pollutants such as parent soil material, and agricultural pesticides and fertilizers. However, Cd, Pb and Hg in soils are found to be separately self-existent based on the cluster analysis, which shows that each of the elements, especially Cd or Hg, may come from the definite pollution sources. But a correlation between Cd and Pb is observed to present in soils although each of metals owns its pollution sources. The results indicate that the contamination of heavy metals in soils may be effectively identified and characterized with the methods of correlation analysis and cluster analysis. 作 者： 余江    黃志勇    陳婷    秦德萍    YU Jiang    HUANG Zhi-yong    CHEN Ting    QIN Deng-ping   作者單位： 集美大學(xué)生物工程學(xué)院,廈門,361021  期 刊： 環(huán)境化學(xué)  ISTICPKU   Journal： ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY  年，卷(期)： 2009, 28(6)  分類號： X13  關(guān)鍵詞： 菜園土壤    重金屬    污染評價.    Keywords： vegetable-grown soils    heavy metals    contamination    assessment.   

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