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英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為（精選10篇）
演講又叫講演或演說(shuō)，是指在公眾場(chǎng)合，以有聲語(yǔ)言為主要手段，以體態(tài)語(yǔ)言為輔助手段，針對(duì)某個(gè)具體問(wèn)題，鮮明、完整地發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解和主張，闡明事理或抒發(fā)情感，進(jìn)行宣傳鼓動(dòng)的一種語(yǔ)言交際活動(dòng)。下面是小編整理的英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為，歡迎大家閱讀！
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 1
在圣誕來(lái)臨之際，英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白二世于25日發(fā)表傳統(tǒng)圣誕致詞，今年的圣誕演講首次以3D形式錄制和在電視臺(tái)上播放，女王在致辭中回顧了倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)和女王登基60周年的鉆禧慶典。
This past year has been one of great celebration for many. The enthusiasm which greeted the Diamond Jubilee was, of course, especially memorable for me and my family.
It was humbling that so many chose to mark the anniversary of a duty which passed to me 60 years ago. People of all ages took the trouble to take part in various ways and in many nations. But perhaps most striking of all was to witness the strength of fellowship and friendship among those who had gathered together on these occasions.
Prince Philip and I were joined by our family on the River Thames as we paid tribute to those who have shaped the United Kingdoms past and future as a maritime nation, and welcomed a wonderful array of craft, large and small, from across the Commonwealth.
On the barges and the bridges and the banks of the river there were people who had taken their places to cheer through the mist, undaunted by the rain. That day there was a tremendous sense of common determination to celebrate, triumphing over the elements.
That same spirit was also in evidence from the moment the Olympic flame arrived on these shores. The flame itself drew hundreds and thousands of people on its journey around the British Isles, and was carried by every kind of deserving individual, many nominated for their own extraordinary service.
As London hosted a splendid summer of sport, all those who saw the achievement and courage at the Olympic and Paralympic Games were further inspired by the skill, dedication, training and teamwork of our athletes. In pursuing their own sporting goals, they gave the rest of us the opportunity to share something of the excitement and drama.
We were reminded, too, that the success of these great festivals depended to an enormous degree upon the dedication and effort of an army of volunteers. Those public-spirited people came forward in the great tradition of all those who devote themselves to keeping others safe, supported and comforted.
For many, Christmas is also a time for coming together. But for others, service will come first. Those serving in our armed forces, in our emergency services and in our hospitals, whose sense of duty takes them away from family and friends, will be missing those they love.
And those who have lost loved ones may find this day especially full of memories. Thats why its important at this time of year to reach out beyond our familiar relationships to think of those who are on their own.
At Christmas I am always struck by how the spirit of togetherness lies also at the heart of the Christmas story. A young mother and a dutiful father with their baby were joined by poor shepherds and visitors from afar. They came with their gifts to worship the Christ child. From that day on he has inspired people to commit themselves to the best interests of others.
This is the time of year when we remember that God sent his only son “to serve, not to be served”. He restored love and service to the centre of our lives in the person of Jesus Christ.
It is my prayer this Christmas Day that his example and teaching will continue to bring people together to give the best of themselves in the service of others.
The carol, In The Bleak Midwinter, ends by asking a question of all of us who know the Christmas story, of how God gave himself to us in humble service: What can I give him, poor as I am? If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb; if I were a wise man, I would do my part. The carol gives the answer Yet what I can I give him - give my heart.
I wish you all a very happy Christmas.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 2
In this past year my family and I have been inspired by the courage and hope we have seen in so many ways in Britain, in the Commonwealth and around the world. Weve seen that its in hardship that we often find strength from our families; its in adversity that new friendships are sometimes formed; and its in a crisis that communities break down barriers and bind together to help one another.
Families, friends and communities often find a source of courage rising up from within. Indeed, sadly, it seems that it is tragedy that often draws out the most and the best from the human spirit.
When Prince Philip and I visited Australia this year we saw for ourselves the effects of natural disaster in some of the areas devastated by floods, where in January so many people lost their lives and their livelihoods. We were moved by the way families and local communities held together to support each other.
Prince William travelled to New Zealand and Australia in the aftermath of earthquakes, cyclones and floods and saw how communities rose up to rescue the injured, comfort the bereaved and rebuild the cities and towns devastated by nature.
The Prince of Wales also saw first hand the remarkable resilience of the human spirit after tragedy struck in a Welsh mining community, and how communities can work together to support their neighbors.
This past year has also seen some memorable and historic visits – to Ireland and from America.
The spirit of friendship so evident in both these nations can fill us all with hope. Relationships that years ago were once so strained have through sorrow and forgiveness blossomed into long term friendship. It is through this lens of history that we should view the conflicts of today, and so give us hope for tomorrow.
Of course, family does not necessarily mean blood relatives but often a description of a community, organization or nation. The Commonwealth is a family of 53 nations, all with a common bond, shared beliefs, mutual values and goals.
It is this which makes the Commonwealth a family of people in the truest sense, at ease with each other, enjoying its shared history and ready and willing to support its members in the direst of circumstances. They have always looked to the future, with a sense of camaraderie, warmth and mutual respect while still maintaining their individualism.
The importance of family has, of course, come home to Prince Philip and me personally this year with the marriages of two of our grandchildren, each in their own way a celebration of the God-given love that binds a family together.
For many this Christmas will not be easy. With our armed forces deployed around the world, thousands of service families face Christmas without their loved ones at home. The bereaved and the lonely will find it especially hard. And, as we all know, the world is going through difficult times. All this will affect our celebration of this great Christian festival.
Finding hope in adversity is one of the themes of Christmas. Jesus was born into a world full of fear. The angels came to frightened shepherds with hope in their voices: Fear not, they urged, we bring you tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people. For unto you is born this day in the City of David a Saviour who is Christ the Lord.
Although we are capable of great acts of kindness, history teaches us that we sometimes need saving from ourselves – from our recklessness or our greed. God sent into the world a unique person – neither a philosopher nor a general (important though they are) – but a Saviour, with the power to forgive.
Forgiveness lies at the heart of the Christian faith. It can heal broken families, it can restore friendships and it can reconcile divided communities. It is in forgiveness that we feel the power of Gods love.
In the last verse of this beautiful carol, O Little Town of Bethlehem, theres a prayer:
O Holy Child of Bethlehem
Descend to us we pray
Cast out our sin
And enter in
Be born in us today
It is my prayer that on this Christmas day we might all find room in our lives for the message of the angels and for the love of God through Christ our Lord.
I wish you all a very happy Christmas.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 3
I once knew someone who spent a year in a plaster cast recovering from an operation on his back. He read a lot, and thought a lot, and felt miserable.
Later, he realised this time of forced retreat from the world had helped him to understand the world more clearly.
We all need to get the balance right between action and reflection. With so many distractions, it is easy to forget to pause and take stock. Be it through contemplation, prayer, or even keeping a diary, many have found the practice of quiet personal reflection surprisingly rewarding, even discovering greater spiritual depth to their lives.
Reflection can take many forms. When families and friends come together at Christmas, it’s often a time for happy memories and reminiscing. Our thoughts are with those we have loved who are no longer with us. We also remember those who through doing their duty cannot be at home for Christmas, such as workers in essential or emergency services.
And especially at this time of year we think of the men and women serving overseas in our armed forces. We are forever grateful to all those who put themselves at risk to keep us safe.
Service and duty are not just the guiding principles of yesteryear; they have an enduring value which spans the generations.
I myself had cause to reflect this year, at Westminster Abbey, on my own pledge of service made in that great church on Coronation Day sixty years earlier.
The anniversary reminded me of the remarkable changes that have occurred since the Coronation, many of them for the better; and of the things that have remained constant, such as the importance of family, friendship and good neighbourliness.
But reflection is not just about looking back. I and many others are looking forward to the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow next year.
The baton relay left London in October and is now the other side of the world, on its way across seventy nations and territories before arriving in Scotland next summer. Its journey is a reminder that the Commonwealth can offer us a fresh view of life.
My son Charles summed this up at the recent meeting in Sri Lanka. He spoke of the Commonwealth’s “family ties” that are a source of encouragement to many. Like any family there can be differences of opinion. But however strongly they’re expressed they are held within the common bond of friendship and shared experiences.
Here at home my own family is a little larger this Christmas.
As so many of you will know, the arrival of a baby gives everyone the chance to contemplate the future with renewed happiness and hope. For the new parents, life will never be quite the same again!
As with all who are christened, George was baptised into a joyful faith of Christian duty and service. After the christening, we gathered for the traditional photograph.
It was a happy occasion, bringing together four generations.
In the year ahead, I hope you will have time to pause for moments of quiet reflection. As the man in the plaster cast discovered, the results can sometimes be surprising.
For Christians, as for all people of faith, reflection, meditation and prayer help us to renew ourselves in God’s love, as we strive daily to become better people. The Christmas message shows us that this love is for everyone. There is no one beyond its reach.
On the first Christmas, in the fields above Bethlehem, as they sat in the cold of night watching their resting sheep, the local shepherds must have had no shortage of time for reflection. Suddenly all this was to change. These humble shepherds were the first to hear and ponder the wondrous news of the birth of Christ - the first noel - the joy of which we celebrate today.
I wish you all a very happy Christmas.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 4
Queen’s Christmas Broadcast 1988
In the year just past, Prince Philip and I have joined in the celebration of some notable anniversaries. The events which they marked were hundreds of years apart, but each was important enough to get much attention in 1988.
The earliest event which we remembered was the encounter with the Spanish Armada in 1588. The 400th anniversary fell in the same year in which we were able to mark the happy relations between Britain and Spain which now exist, by our State Visit to Madrid.
Four hundred years after “the winds blew” and the Spanish ships were scattered, the events were remembered, without animosity, in both countries.
These prints from the Royal Library at Windsor illustrate the battles and some of the great fleet which gathered. This year, the present King of Spain showed me the rooms in the Escorial, where his predecessor, Philip the Second, planned the campaign. Had the fortunes of war gone against us, how very differently events in Britain and Europe would have unfolded?
Earlier in the year, we marked another event of the first importance in our history C the 300th anniversary of what is popularly known as the Glorious Revolution.
The invitation to King William and Queen Mary to accept the thrones of England and Scotland finally laid to rest the “enterprise of England” which Philip of Spain set in hand.
It thus gave the particular direction to our history, which was to lead to the development of parliamentary democracy and the tradition of political and religious toleration which Britain enjoys today.
It was a great pleasure for us to celebrate that event in the company of the Crown Prince of the Netherlands. Together we visited Torbay C which was where King William landed in 1688.
It was shrouded with fog when we were there, but we did manage to see through the mist some of the hundreds of British and Dutch yachts that had assembled there.
Three hundred years may seem a long time ago, but there are still some objects here in Buckingham Palace which bring to life William and Mary as people C and one which I particularly treasure is this little patch box that belonged to The Queen and which caries her monogram entwined with William’s on the lid.
The 1988 anniversary season opened in Australia C with a grand party on Australia Day to mark the country’s 200th birthday. It was a party which went on for most of the year, but Prince Philip and I joined in the festivities in April and May.
Like so many visitors in Bicentennial year, we brought home some souvenirs of our visit. In our case, it was some delightful early prints of Sydney, which served to remind us of the extraordinary developments which have taken place in Australia in the short space of two hundred years.
Contrast this scene of Sydney Harbour with the pictures we all saw of the crowded waters around the Opera House and the famous bridge in January this year.
Centenaries may seem rather arbitrary occasions, but they nonetheless prompt us to look back into the past. When we do so, we can draw hope from seeing how ancient enmities have vanished; and how new nations have grown and established themselves in vigour and wisdom.
Equally, they make us reflect on injustices and tragedies and inspire us to do our best to learn from these as well.
To do that, we surely should draw inspiration from one other anniversary C the one we celebrate every year at this time, the birth of Christ.
There are many grand and splendid pictures in the Royal Collection that illustrate this event, but one which gives me particular pleasure is this precious, almost jewel-like book.
It is a “Book of Hours”, full of prayers and devotional readings. It’s in Latin, but it contains the most exquisite illuminations and it is these that speak to us most movingly.
The anonymous person who drew the pictures nearly five hundred years ago has included all the familiar elements of the Christmas story which we hear with such pleasure every year.
Here are the angels, bringing the glad tidings to the shepherds, who listen attentively. Down here, where baby Jesus lies in the stall, you can see Mary and Joseph, watching over him, quite unmoved, it seems, by the man playing the bagpipes overhead.
The star over the stable has lit the way for all of us ever since and there should be no one who feels shut out from that welcoming and guiding light. The legends of Christmas about the ox and the ass suggest that even the animals are not outside that loving care.
Recently, many of you will have set up and decorated a Christmas tree in your homes. Often these are put by a window and the bright and shining tree is there for every passer-by to see and share. I like to think that if someone who feels lonely and unloved should see such a tree, that person might feel: ‘It was meant for me’.
May the Christmas story encourage you, for it is a message of hope every year, not for a few, but for all.
So in sending you my Christmas greeting, I pray that God may bless you C every one.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 5
In the ruins of the old Coventry Cathedral is a sculpture of a man and a woman reaching out to embrace each other. The sculptor was inspired by the story of a woman who crossed Europe on foot after the war to find her husband.
Casts of the same sculpture can be found in Belfast and Berlin, and it is simply called Reconciliation.
Reconciliation is the peaceful end to conflict, and we were reminded of this in August when countries on both sides of the first world war came together to remember in peace.
The ceramic poppies at the Tower of London drew millions, and the only possible reaction to seeing them and walking among them was silence. For every poppy a life; and a reminder of the grief of loved ones left behind.
No one who fought in that war is still alive, but we remember their sacrifice and indeed the sacrifice of all those in the armed forces who serve and protect us today.
In 1914, many people thought the war would be over by Christmas, but sadly by then the trenches were dug and the future shape of the war in Europe was set.
But, as we know, something remarkable did happen that Christmas, exactly a hundred years ago today.
Without any instruction or command, the shooting stopped and German and British soldiers met in no man’s land. Photographs were taken and gifts exchanged. It was a Christmas truce.
Truces are not a new idea. In the ancient world a truce was declared for the duration of the Olympic Games and wars and battles were put on hold.
Sport has a wonderful way of bringing together people and nations, as we saw this year in Glasgow when over 70 countries took part in the Commonwealth Games.
It is no accident that they are known as the Friendly Games. As well as promoting dialogue between nations, the Commonwealth Games pioneered the inclusion of para-sports within each day’s events.
As with the Invictus Games that followed, the courage, determination and talent of the athletes captured our imagination as well as breaking down divisions.
The benefits of reconciliation were clear to see when I visited Belfast in June. While my tour of the set of Game Of Thrones may have gained most attention, my visit to the Crumlin Road Gaol will remain vividly in my mind.
What was once a prison during the Troubles is now a place of hope and fresh purpose; a reminder of what is possible when people reach out to one another, rather like the couple in the sculpture.
Of course, reconciliation takes different forms. In Scotland after the referendum many felt great disappointment, while others felt great relief; and bridging these differences will take time.
Bringing reconciliation to war or emergency zones is an even harder task, and I have been deeply touched this year by the selflessness of aid workers and medical volunteers who have gone abroad to help victims of conflict or of diseases like Ebola, often at great personal risk.
For me, the l英國(guó)女王圣誕演講ife of Jesus Christ, the prince of peace, whose birth we celebrate today, is an inspiration and an anchor in my life.
A role model of reconciliation and forgiveness, he stretched out his hands in love, acceptance and healing. Christ’s example has taught me to seek to respect and value all people, of whatever faith or none.
Sometimes it seems that reconciliation stands little chance in the face of war and discord. But, as the Christmas truce a century ago reminds us, peace and goodwill have lasting power in the hearts of men and women.
On that chilly Christmas Eve in 1914 many of the German forces sang Silent Night, its haunting melody inching across the line.
That carol is still much-loved today, a legacy of the Christmas truce, and a reminder to us all that even in the unlikeliest of places hope can still be found.
A very happy Christmas to you all.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 6
hello everyone！
At this time of year, few sights evoke more feelings of cheer and goodwill than the twinkling lights of a Christmas tree.
The popularity of a tree at Christmas is due in part to my great-great grandparents, Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. After this touching picture was published, many families wanted a Christmas tree of their own, and the custom soon spread.
In 1949, I spent Christmas in Malta as a newly-married naval wife. We have returned to that island over the years, including last month for a meeting of Commonwealth leaders; and this year I met another group of leaders: The Queens Young Leaders, an inspirational group, each of them a symbol of hope in their own Commonwealth communities.
Gathering round the tree gives us a chance to think about the year ahead – I am looking forward to a busy 2016, though I have been warned I may have Happy Birthday sung to me more than once or twice. It also allows us to reflect on the year that has passed, as we think of those who are far away or no longer with us. Many people say the first Christmas after losing a loved one is particularly hard. But its also a time to remember all that we have to be thankful for.
It is true that the world has had to confront moments of darkness this year, but the Gospel of John contains a verse of great hope, often read at Christmas carol services: "The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it."
One cause for thankfulness this summer was marking seventy years since the end of the Second World War. On VJ Day, we honoured the remaining veterans of that terrible conflict in the Far East, as well as remembering the thousands who never returned. The procession from Horse Guards Parade to Westminster Abbey must have been one of the slowest ever, because so many people wanted to say ‘thank you to them.
At the end of that War, the people of Oslo began sending an annual gift of a Christmas tree for Trafalgar Square. It has five hundred lightbulbs and is enjoyed not just by Christians but by people of all faiths, and of none. At the very top sits a bright star, to represent the Star of Bethlehem.
The custom of topping a tree also goes back to Prince Alberts time. For his familys tree, he chose an angel, helping to remind us that the focus of the Christmas story is on one particular family.
For Joseph and Mary, the circumstances of Jesuss birth – in a stable – were far from ideal, but worse was to come as the family was forced to flee the country. It is no surprise that such a human story still captures our imagination and continues to inspire all of us who are Christians, the world over.
Despite being displaced and persecuted throughout his short life, Christs unchanging message was not one of revenge or violence but simply that we should love one another. Although it is not an easy message to follow, we shouldnt be discouraged; rather, it inspires us to try harder: to be thankful for the people who bring love and happiness into our own lives, and to look for ways of spreading that love to others, whenever and wherever we can.
One of the joys of living a long life is watching ones children, then grandchildren, then great grandchildren, help decorate the Christmas tree. And this year my family has a new member to join in the fun!
The customary decorations have changed little in the years since that picture of Victoria and Alberts tree first appeared, although of course electric lights have replaced the candles.
Theres an old saying that "it is better to light a candle than curse the darkness".
There are millions of people lighting candles of hope in our world today. Christmas is a good time to be thankful for them, and for all that brings light to our lives.
I wish you a very happy Christmas.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 7
hello everyone！
Over 400 years ago King James VI of Scotland inherited the throne of England at a time when the Christian church was deeply divided.
Here at Hampton Court in 1604, he convened a conference of churchmen of all shades of opinion to discuss the future of Christianity in this country.
The king agreed to commission a new translation of the bible that was acceptable to all parties.
This was to become the King James, or Authorized, Bible, which next year will be exactly four centuries old.
Acknowledged as a masterpiece of English prose and the most vivid translation of the scriptures, the glorious language of this bible has survived the turbulence of history and given many of us the most widely recognised and beautiful descriptions of the birth of Jesus Christ which we celebrate today.
The King James Bible was a major co-operative endeavour that required the efforts of dozens of the days leading scholars.
The whole enterprise was guided by an interest in reaching agreement for the wider benefit of the Christian church, and to bring harmony to the kingdoms of England and Scotland.
Four hundred years later, it is as important as ever to build communities and create harmony, and one of the most powerful ways of doing this is through sport and games.
During this past year of abundant sporting events, I have seen for myself just how important sport is in bringing people together from all backgrounds, from all walks of life and from all age groups.
In the parks of towns and cities, and on village greens up and down the country, countless thousands of people every week give up their time to participate in sport and exercise of all sorts, or simply encourage others to do so.
These kinds of activity are common throughout the world and play a part in providing a different perspective on life.
Apart from developing physical fitness, sport and games can also teach vital social skills.
None can be enjoyed without abiding by the rules, and no team can hope to succeed without co-operation between the players. This sort of positive team spirit can benefit communities, companies and enterprises of all kinds.
As the success of recent Paralympics bears witness, a love of sport also has the power to help rehabilitate.
One only has to think of the injured men and women of the Armed Forces to see how an interest in games and sport can speed recovery and renew a sense of purpose, enjoyment and comradeship.
Right around the world, people gather to compete under standard rules and, in most cases, in a spirit of friendly rivalry. Competitors know that, to succeed, they must respect their opponents; very often, they like each other too.
Sportsmen and women often speak of the enormous pride they have in representing their country, a sense of belonging to a wider family.
We see this vividly at the Commonwealth Games, for example, which is known to many as the Friendly Games and where I am sure you have noticed that it is always the competitors from the smallest countries who receive the loudest cheers.
People are capable of belonging to many communities, including a religious faith. King James may not have anticipated quite how important sport and games were to become in promoting harmony and common interests.
But from the scriptures in the bible which bears his name, we know that nothing is more satisfying than the feeling of belonging to a group who are dedicated to helping each other:
Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.
I wish you, and all those whom you love and care for, a very happy Christmas.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 8
hello everyone!
Every year, this Christmas party is held for the children of the people living in the Mews ofBuckingham Palace. Everyone seems to be enjoying it. Usually, were lucky with the weather,but tonight it seems a bit more like a typical English winter. The children have been waiting forthe usual buildup of excitement and expectation for Father Christmas to arrive, no doubt,wondering what hes brought with him in his sack.
For the children, the party and the meeting with Father Christmas are perhaps the mostexciting part of the evening.
But I hope that a walk through the stables also helps to bring the traditional story alive forthem. I hope it also helps them to realise how fortunate they are to have comfortable homesand warm beds to go to, unlike the Holy Family, who had to share with the animals becausethere was no room at the Inn.
Christmas is a festival for all Christians, but it is particularly a festival for children. As we allknow, it commemorates the birth of a child, who was born to ordinary people, and who grew upvery simply in his own small home town and was trained to be a carpenter.
His life thus began in humble surroundings, in fact, in a stable, but he was to have aprofound influence on the course of history, and on the lives of generations of his followers.You dont have to be rich or powerful in order to change things for the better and each of us inour own way can make a contribution.
The infant Jesus was fortunate in one very important respect. His parents were loving andconsiderate. They did their utmost to protect him from harm. They left their own home andbecame refugees to save him from King Herod, and they brought him up according to thetraditions of their faith.
On this Birthday festival, which we try to make an occasion of happiness for our own families,we must not forget those children who are the victims of ill treatment or neglect.
It is no easy task to care for and bring up children, whatever your circumstances C whether youare famous or quite unknown. But we could all help by letting the spirit of Christmas fill ourhomes with love and care and by heeding Our Lords injunction to treat others as you wouldlike them to treat you.
When, as the Bible says, Christ grew in wisdom and understanding, he began his task ofexplaining and teaching just what it is that God wants from us.
The two lessons that he had for us, which he underlined in everything he said and did, are themessages of Gods love and how essential it is that we, too, should love other people.
There are many serious and threatening problems in this country and in the world, but theywill never be solved until there is peace in our homes and love in our hearts.
The message which God sent us by Christs life and example is a very simple one, even thoughit seems so difficult to put into practice.
To all of you, of every faith and race, I send my best wishes for a time of peace and tranquilitywith your families at this Festival of Christmas. A very Happy Christmas to you all.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 9
hello everyone!
my lords and members of the house of commons,
my government’s legislative programme will continue to deliver on its long-term plan to builda stronger economy and a fairer society.
to strengthen the economy and provide stability and security, my ministers will continue toreduce the country’s deficit, helping to ensure that mortgage and interest rates remain low.
an updated charter for budget responsibility will be brought forward to ensure that futuregovernments spend taxpayers’ money responsibly.
my government will also continue to cut taxes in order to increase people’s financial security.
my ministers will implement measures to increase further the personal allowance and tofreeze fuel duty.
measures will be brought forward for a married couple’s allowance, which will recognisemarriage in the tax system.
legislation will be introduced to help make the united kingdom the most attractive place tostart, finance and grow a business. the bill will support small businesses by cuttingbureaucracy and enabling them to access finance.
new legislation will require ministers to set and report on a deregulation target for eachparliament. the legislation will also reduce delays in employment tribunals, improve thefairness of contracts for low paid workers and establish a public register of companybeneficial ownership. legislation will be introduced to provide for a new statutory code andan adjudicator to increase fairness for public house tenants.
legislation will impose higher penalties on employers who fail to pay their staff the minimumwage. measures will be brought forward to limit excessive redundancy payments across thepublic sector.
in respect of national insurance contributions, legislation will be brought forward to tackleavoidance and to simplify their collection from the self-employed.
my government will introduce a bill to bolster investment in infrastructure and reformplanning law to improve economic competitiveness. the bill will enhance the unitedkingdom’s energy independence and security by opening up access to shale and geothermalsites and maximising north sea resources. legislation will allow for the creation of an allowablesolutions scheme to enable all new homes to be built to a zero carbon standard and willguarantee long-term investment in the road network.
my government will continue to implement major reforms to the electricity market and reducethe use of plastic carrier bags to help protect the environment.
a key priority for my ministers will be to continue to build an economy that rewards those whowork hard.
legislation will be brought forward to give those who have saved discretion over the use oftheir retirement funds. my government’s pension reforms will also allow for innovation in theprivate pensions market to give greater control to employees, extend the isa and premiumbond schemes and abolish the savers’ 10 pence tax rate.
the overall benefits bill will continue to be capped so that public expenditure continues to becontrolled and policies will be pursued so people are helped from welfare to work.
my government will increase housing supply and home ownership by reforming the planningsystem, enabling new locally-led garden cities and supporting small house building firms.
legislation will be brought forward to sell high value government land, encouragingdevelopment and increasing housing.
my ministers will continue to promote the help to buy and right to buy schemes to supporthome ownership.
my government will continue to deliver the best schools and skills for young people. in england,my ministers will help more schools to become academies and support more free schools toopen, whilst continuing investment to deliver more school places. further reforms to gcses anda levels will be taken forward to raise standards in schools and prepare school pupils foremployment. my government will increase the total number of apprenticeship places to 2million by the end of the parliament.
my government will continue to work to build a fairer society.
to improve education attainment and child health, my government will ensure all infants willreceive a free school meal. free childcare will be extended to more of the most disadvantaged2-year-olds and a bill will be introduced to help working families with childcare costs.
a bill will be introduced to strengthen the powers to prevent modern slavery and humantrafficking whilst improving support for victims of such crimes. a bill will be brought forward toprovide that where a person acts heroically, responsibly or for the benefit of others, this will betaken into account by the courts.
legislation will be introduced to improve the complaints system in the armed forces throughthe creation of an ombudsman.
a serious crime bill will be brought forward to tackle child neglect, disrupt serious organisedcrime and strengthen powers to seize the proceeds of crime.
my government will continue its programme of political reform.
my ministers will introduce legislation on the recall of members of parliament.
my government will continue to implement new financial powers for the scottish parliamentand make the case for scotland to remain a part of the united kingdom.
my ministers will continue with legislation giving the national assembly for wales and welshministers more power over taxation and investment.
my government will continue to work with the devolved administration in northern ireland torebalance the economy, promote reconciliation and create a shared future.
draft legislation will be published providing for direct elections to national park authorities inengland.
members of the house of commons.
estimates for the public services will be laid before you.
my lords and members of the house of commons.
the united kingdom will work for peace and security on europe’s borders, and for stablerelations between russia and ukraine based on respect for national sovereignty, territorialintegrity and international law.
my government will host the nato summit in wales as a sign of the united kingdom’scommitment to the alliance.
my ministers will strive to improve the humanitarian situation in syria, to reduce violence andpromote a political settlement. it will work for a successful transition in afghanistan, and willwork towards a comprehensive nuclear agreement with iran.
the united kingdom will lead efforts to prevent sexual violence in conflict worldwide.
my government will work to promote reform in the european union, including a stronger rolefor member states and national parliaments. my ministers will also champion efforts to securea global agreement on climate change.
prince philip and i will pay a state visit to france and will attend events to mark the 70thanniversary of the d-day landings.
we look forward to welcoming his excellency the president of the republic of singapore on hisforthcoming state visit.
other measures will be laid before you.
my lords and members of the house of commons.
i pray that the blessing of almighty god may rest upon your counsels.
英國(guó)女王圣誕演講：勿以善小而不為 10
It is not easy to pin-point the origins of the Christmas feast, today the more important feast of the Christmas season in most western Christian churches. One can only say for certain that the birth of Jesus Christ was being celebrated in Rome by the year 336 A.D.; afterwards the feast was celebrated in other Christian churches throughout the world.
Why it was celebrated on December 25th is another question. No date for the birth of Jesus can be found in the New Testament, which is concerned more with the question "Who is Jesus?" than the date of his birth. Early Christian speculation about his birth date was influenced by the symbolism of the changing seasons, then popular in religious thought, which paid careful attention to the equinoxes and solstices of the sun. Christian scholars speculated that Jesus was conceived at the spring equinox (March 25th) and therefore was born on December 25th, the date of the winter solstice.
In many of the Christian churches, March 25th is still the Feast of the Annunciation, when the Angel Gabriel announced to Mary that she was to be the mother of Jesus.
Possible impluse for the feast of Christmas may have came too from the establishment of the pagan feast of the "Unconquered Sun-God" by the Emperor Aurelian in 274 A.D. to be celebrated on December 25, the day of the winter solstice in Rome and thrroughout the empire. In response, Christians could celebrate the feast of the "Sun of righteousness" (Malachi 4,2), Jesus Christ, who called himself " the light of the world."
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