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英語四級選詞填空答題技巧(3)
三、帶項檢查
帶入已選答案,重新通讀文章以核對其是否邏輯語意正確。
1. 名詞后綴
1) -or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或職業(yè)的人或物:worker, debtor
2) -acy, 表示"性質,狀態(tài),境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy
3) -ance, -ence表示"性質,狀況,行為,過程,總量,程度” importance, diligence, difference, obedience
4) -ancy, -ency, 表示"性質,狀態(tài),行為,過程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
5) -bility, 表示"動作,性質,狀態(tài)" possibility, flexibility, feasibility,
6) -dom, 表示“等級,領域,狀態(tài)” freedom, kingdom, wisdom
7) –age: package, shortage, marriage
8) –ant: assistant, accountant, inhabitant
9) -hood, 表示"資格,身份, 年紀,狀態(tài)" childhood, manhood, falsehood
10) -ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行為的過程,結果,狀況" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
11) -ism, 表示"制度,主義,學說,信仰,行為" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
12) -ty, 表示"性質,狀態(tài),程度” purity, reality, ability, loyalty, identity
13) -ment, 表示"行為,狀態(tài),過程,手段及其結果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
14) -ness, 表示"性質,狀態(tài),程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
15) –cy: bankruptcy, literacy, democracy
16) -ship, 表示"情況,性質,技巧,技能及身份,職業(yè)” hardship, membership, friendship
17) -th, 表示"動作,性質,過程,狀態(tài)" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
18) -tude, 表示"性質,狀態(tài),程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)
19) -ure, 表示"行為,結果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手續(xù))
20) -grapy, 表示"……學,寫法” biography, calligraphy, geography
21) -ic, ics, 表示"……學……法" logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics
22) -ology, 表示"……學……論”biology, zoology, technology(工藝學)
23) -nomy, 表示"……學……術" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生態(tài)學)
2. 形容詞后綴
帶有“屬性,傾向,相關”的含義
1) -able, -ible: visible, flexible
2) 名詞-ish: foolish, bookish, selfish
(注意accomplish, vanish)
3) –ive: active, sensitive, productive
4) –like: manlike, childlike
5) 名詞-ly: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
6) –ory: satisfactory, illusory
7) –ic: realistic, specific, poetic, energetic
8) –ical: physical, classical, economical
9) –some: troublesome, handsome
10) –ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
11) –ous: dangerous, generous, courageous,
12) –ent: violent
13) –most: foremost, topmost
14) -less: 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless
15) –al: personal, internal, critical, accidental,
16) –ary: necessary, primary, secondary
17) –ious: religious, furious, precious
18) –y: dirty, healthy, rainy, thirsty, sunny
3. 動詞后綴
1) -ize, ise, 表示"做成,變成,……化“: modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2) -en, 表示"使成為,引起,使有” : quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3) -fy, 表示“使……化, 使成” : beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
4) -ish, 表示"使,令”: finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5) -ate, 表示“成為……,處理,作用” : separate, operate, indicate
4. 副詞后綴
(形容詞)-ly:bad→badly嚴重地/惡劣地,careful→carefully小心地
-wise:clock→clockwise(a./adv.)順時針方向的(地);like→likewise同樣地
-ward(s):out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地
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