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職稱英語理工類a級考試真題(2)
第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2-5段每段選擇1個最佳標題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。
The IPad
1 The IPad is a tablet computer (平板電腦) designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals (期刊), movies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the IPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.
2 The IPad runs the same operating system as IPod Touch and IPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for IPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.
3 Like IPhone and iPod Touch, the IPad is controlled by a multitouch display-a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus (觸控筆). The IPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse (瀏覽) the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The devices is managed and synchronized (同步) by ITunes on a personal computer via USB cable.
4 An IPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of IPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. One of the most common uses is for e-mail services. IPand applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts.
5 While the IPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting IPads in their business offices by distributing or making available IPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost & Sullivan shows that IPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employees productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.
23、 Paragraph 2
24、 Paragraph 3
25、 Paragraph 4
26、 Paragraph 5
A Business usage
B Differences from IPhone
C Operating system
D Online stores
E Features and applications
F Display and data connection
27 In April 2010 the IPad developed by Apple was .
28 The IPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not .
29 IPad applications enable the owner's email accounts to be .
30 IPad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be .
A browsed
B increased
C released
D modified
E distributed
F personalized
23 C 本段的主題句為"The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone" ，意為 "iPad 使用與iPod Touch 和iPhone 一樣的操作系統(tǒng)"。本段也主要講述的是 iPad 的操作系統(tǒng)。答案應(yīng)為 C。
24 F 本段第一句話 "Like iPhone and iPod Touch ，the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display "，說明 "與 iPhone 和 iPod Touch 一樣，iPad 也是多點觸控顯示屏"。本段其他的句子是對數(shù)據(jù)鏈接的介紹。本句的大意應(yīng)該為顯示屏和鏈接，所以答案為 F。
25 E 本段的主題句是 "An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things" ，可以看出本段要說明"iPad 有不同的特征和應(yīng)用程序來使人們完成不同的有趣事情"。答案為E。
26 A 本段的主題句是 "While the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users" ，所以可以得知本段主要講述的是 iPad 不僅用于娛樂，而且也用于辦公。答案為 A。
27 C 第一段中最后一句話是..Apple released the iPad in April 2010，and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days" ，表達的意思是"蘋果公司在2010年4月推出了iPad，并在80天內(nèi)賣出了3 百萬臺"。答案為C。
28 D 第二段最后一句話 "Without modification，it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store" ，說明"如果沒有改裝，iPad 只能運行由蘋果公司提供的并經(jīng)由其網(wǎng)上商店推出的程序"。答案應(yīng)為D。
29 F 第四段最后一句話..They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts" 顯示"iPad 可以使他們的郵件賬戶個性化"。答案為 F。
30 B 第五段最后一句話 "A survey by Frost Sullivan shows that iPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity，reduced paperwork，and increased revenue" ，顯示"工作場所使用 iPad 使得員工的工作效率提高，減少了文書工作，并且 增加了收益"。答案為 B。
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，為每題確定一個最佳答案。
第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?
Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (掃描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often
31 People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that
A they're popular
B they're cheap
C they're useful
D they're convenient
32 The world "detected" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by
A cured
B removed
C discovered
D caused
33 The salesman retired young because
A he disliked using mobile phones
B he was tired of talking on his mobile phone
C he couldn't remember simple tasks
D his employer's doctor persuaded him to
34 On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies
A deny the existence of mobile phone radiation
B develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation
C try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health
D hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about
35 The writer's purpose of writing this article is to advise people
A to buy mobile phones
B to update regular phones
C to use mobile phones less often
D to stop using mobile phones
31 B 第一段里講到了人們擁有手機的幾種理由，其中不包括手機便宜(cheap) 這一條。
32 C detect 意為 "覺察、發(fā)現(xiàn)"，故可用 discover 來代替。
33 C 第三段里把這名推銷員年紀輕輕就要退休的原因講得十分明白: a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks.
34 D 請見第四段里的這句話: Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它們并不否認手機有輻射，但聲稱輻射量 很小無需擔(dān)心。
35 C 作者建議大家少用手機，這一點在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。
第二篇 Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others
Low-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat.
Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized (大力宣傳的) efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, lead investigator on the study.
Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption.
The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.
"Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food," said Hayes. "Supertasters, people who experience tastes more tensely, consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more. "
However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. "For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented (發(fā)酵的), milk, but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt," he said. "A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced.
Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color.
36 John Hayes pointed out that __________.
A food with less salt tastes better.
B many people never eat low-salt food.
C many people make efforts to accept low-salt food.
D it is good to health to eat food without salt.
37 The fourth paragraph briefly describes______?
A why the number of subjects was limited to 87.
B why more male subjects were chosen than female ones.
C how salty foods were made and distributed to the subjects in the research.
D how the subjects were selected and what they were asked to do.
38 It is true that ________.
A nontasters like to share salty cheese with supertasters.
B supertasters like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in food.
C nontasters consume more salt because they like intense tastes.
D supertasters like snack foods more as they contain higher levels of saltiness.
39 Supertasters prefer high-salt cheese because ________.
A it is good to health.
B it tastes less bitter.
C it is rich in nutrition.
D it has intense bitter tastes.
40 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that taste acuity is ________.
A genetically determined.
B identified with certain chemicals.
C developed over time after birth.
D related to one's eye and hair color.
36 C 文章第 2 段提到 John Hayes 指出"盡管對于許多人來說，并不像別人那樣喜歡吃低鹽食品，但近來大力的宣傳使得很多人努力接受了低鹽飲食"。選擇 C 符合題意。
37 D 第四段主要講述了這項研究如何選取了研究對象，包括研究對象的人數(shù)、性別、健 康狀況、口味輕重分級等。由此可知第四段主要描述的是如何選擇研究對象以及要求他們做什么。答案為 D。
38 B 文章第五段最后一句話"鹽是零食的第一調(diào)味品，至少對于這些食物，鹽越多越好， 所以口味重的人看起來更喜歡他們"。選項 B 正是這個意思。其他選項的意思與文章原意不符。
39 B 文章第六段最后一句話提到"口味重的人覺得低鹽的奶酪吃起來不舒服是因為這種 奶酪苦味太濃"。選項 B 符合文章的意思。
40 A 文章最后一段話講述了"基因?qū)＜艺J為個人在品嘗一些化學(xué)物質(zhì)時有不同的感受，并且這種不同如同人的眼睛和頭發(fā)顏色一樣"，本文的觀點是味覺的敏銳程度是由基因決定的。選項 A 符合題意。
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