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大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試閱讀

學(xué)人智庫 時(shí)間:2018-02-10 我要投稿
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  我們先來看一下選擇題的解法。對(duì)于快速閱讀的選擇題,考生們只要記住五個(gè)字“看到即所選”就行了,也就是說,我們通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章中之后,看到句子中有什么,我們就到答案中去找什么。由于快速閱讀在命題的時(shí)候,選擇題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)區(qū)別很大,幾乎沒有共同之處,因此選項(xiàng)的迷惑性較低,考生也就沒有必要去比較選項(xiàng)的差異,只需找到原文定位處的核心詞匯就可以了。我們以剛剛結(jié)束的快速閱讀選擇題為例:

 

  1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?

  A. The poorly managed state of her house.

  B. The high financial costs adding up.

  C. Her daughters’ repeated complaints.

  D. Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.

 

  通過本題題干,我們很容易定位到第一節(jié)的尾句“it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem”,而這個(gè)句子就是我們解決問題的關(guān)鍵。如果分析一下原文的這個(gè)句子,它是說“她的四個(gè)女兒對(duì)她抱怨了很久之后,她才意識(shí)到自己真的是出了問題”,題干問的是使她產(chǎn)生這種意識(shí)的原因,所以答案就很明確了,是“四個(gè)女兒不斷的抱怨”,因此本題答案是C選項(xiàng)。

  但是,對(duì)于速度要求極為嚴(yán)格的快速閱讀來說,這樣的分析雖然能保證結(jié)果正確,但是卻無法保證速度,這樣分析下去,極有可能導(dǎo)致后面的問題無法完成。其實(shí)考生們只要記得“看到即所選”,就可以很快找到答案。我們同樣再看一下這個(gè)尾句,很明顯,里面有“complaints”,“daughters”這樣的單詞,而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)有我們?cè)诙ㄎ稽c(diǎn)看到的詞,答案就出來了,根本不需要思考和分析。

 

  2. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?

  A. People should be warned of its harmful consequences.

  B. People haven’t yet reached agreement on its definition.

  C. It has been somewhat exaggerated.

  D. It has become virtually inevitable.

 

  本題題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“excessive Internet Use”讓我們很快定位到原文第四節(jié)的第一句話,但是題目中問的作者的觀點(diǎn),答案實(shí)際上落在了第五節(jié)的首句。發(fā)現(xiàn)第五節(jié)首句是解決問題的關(guān)鍵并不難,該句第一個(gè)詞“But”,是一個(gè)非常明顯的提示信息,引出的是作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度等主要內(nèi)容。這個(gè)句子說“But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention”,本句中雖沒有與選項(xiàng)中重合的詞匯,但是我們還是很容易看出它和A選項(xiàng)發(fā)生的同意轉(zhuǎn)換:“question”,“serious”對(duì)應(yīng)的就是“warn”,“harmful consequences”。而B選項(xiàng)中的“agreement”“definition”;C選項(xiàng)中的“exaggerated”;D選項(xiàng)中的“inevitable”都與原文差距巨大。所以本題答案為A。

 

  3. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people ______ .

  A. can realize what is important in life

  B. try to improve the Internet environment

  C. can reach a consensus on its definition

  D. become aware of its serious consequences

  Jonathan Bishop的名字很明顯出現(xiàn)在文章第七節(jié)的開頭,而該節(jié)最后一句中“which can be solved by …”就提示了答案就在這個(gè)地方。這個(gè)句子說“which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent on line”, 介詞by之后就是我們要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的內(nèi)容,我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),by之后的詞只有“l(fā)ife”在A選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn),B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中沒有出現(xiàn)by之后的內(nèi)容。“看到即所選”,本題答案就是A。

 

  4. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered excessive if ______ .

  A. too much time was spent in chat rooms

  B. one visited porn websites frequently

  C. people got involved in online gambling

  D. it seriously affected family relationships

  Professor Maressa Orzack 是個(gè)明顯的關(guān)鍵詞,首次出現(xiàn)在文章中的第11節(jié),而該節(jié)最后一句話中“then it’s too much”就是本題題干中所提到的“be considered excessive”的同意轉(zhuǎn)換,可以確定本題答案就在該節(jié)尾句:If it’s a loss where you’re not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it’s too much. 很明顯,我們還是不需要進(jìn)行分析和判斷,只要看到原文中提到的“family relationships”在D選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn),而其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都沒有尾句中的這些單詞,就足夠了。本題答案D。

 

  5.According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel ______.

  A. depressed B. pressured C. puzzled D. discouraged

  本題題干中的“struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel”對(duì)應(yīng)在文章第15節(jié)的首句“People who struggle with excessive Internet use may be depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said.”這一題是本次快速閱讀題目中最為簡單的一道,文中看到“depressed”,故答案選擇A。

 

  6. Why did Andrew Heidrich cut back on online gaming?

  A. He had offended his relatives.

  B. He had lost a lot of money.

  C. His family had intervened.

  D. His career had been ruined.

  本題題干中的關(guān)鍵詞也是非常明顯,“Andrew Heidrich” 作為人名,首次出現(xiàn)在文章第17節(jié),而“cut back …”出現(xiàn)在該節(jié)最后一句,所以答案就定位在最后一句了:He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention in which relatives told him he’d gained weight. 可能本題讓考生感到稍微有一點(diǎn)麻煩的是,A選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了“relatives”,C選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了“family”,雖然可以排除B和D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng),但是A和C又作如何區(qū)別呢?遇到這種情況,大家不要緊張,只需再多看一個(gè)單詞就夠了,我們?cè)谠闹羞看到了“intervention”,而只有C選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了它的動(dòng)詞形式“intervened”,所以答案就是C。

  下面我們接著看一下后面三個(gè)完成句子的解法。對(duì)于完成句子來說,也要記住五個(gè)字“句子要審全”?焖匍喿x中的完成句子本身難度不大,但是命題者會(huì)故意通過改變句式、人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)等手段,改變句子的語法屬性,給考生設(shè)置陷阱。所以,對(duì)于這個(gè)題型,我們一定要注意把句子審全?偟膩碚f,今年的四個(gè)完成句子比09年12月份的要簡單一些,雖仍有陷阱,但不至于讓考生無法識(shí)別。下面來具體分析一下。

 

  8.In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______.

  按照我們課堂上講的“自然段定位”原則,最后四題可供選擇的文章范圍已經(jīng)很小了,本題題干關(guān)鍵詞對(duì)應(yīng)的是第19節(jié)的最后一句:She posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject online: “ I have an Internet Addiction.” 考生容易發(fā)現(xiàn)答案其實(shí)就在最后的引號(hào)之中,但是如果考生直接填寫“have an Internet Addiction”的話,就陷入了命題者設(shè)置的陷阱之中。題目中使用的是第三人稱Toebe,同時(shí)使用的是一般過去時(shí)態(tài),這兩個(gè)語法屬性的改變決定了本題答案只能是“had an Internet Addiction”。有的考生題目審不全,會(huì)填成“has an Internet Addiction”,只注意到了人稱變化,沒注意到時(shí)態(tài)變化,是錯(cuò)誤的。

 

  9.Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn’t afford to seek ______.

  本題對(duì)應(yīng)的是文章20節(jié)的最后一句:I have no money or insurance to get professional help,題干進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡單的同意轉(zhuǎn)換,原文中的“get”, 變成了“seek”, 考生如果發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn),就很容易得出答案:professional help。

 

  10.Now that she’s got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about ______.

  最后這個(gè)題目出現(xiàn)在文章最后一節(jié):I have a boyfriend now, and I’m not interested in online dating. 本題依然用了一個(gè)小的同意轉(zhuǎn)換,原文中的“interested in”,變成了“crazy about”,所以本題答案是:online dating。

 

  從上面三個(gè)完成句子的分析中可以看出,這種題型唯一能給考生設(shè)置難度障礙的就是改變句子的語法屬性,設(shè)置語法陷阱,而考生只要記得“句子要審全”,這個(gè)障礙自然就很容易突破了。

  總的來說,今年的四級(jí)快速閱讀題目不難,同學(xué)們只要把握我在課堂上講過的一些基本方法和技巧,學(xué)會(huì)跳著讀、挑著讀,學(xué)會(huì)讀段落首尾句(今年這篇快速閱讀的十個(gè)題目,除最后一個(gè)題目出現(xiàn)在最后一節(jié)的中間一句外,其它九個(gè)題目全部為段落首尾句),學(xué)會(huì)克制自己習(xí)慣性的思考,學(xué)會(huì)把句子審全,這篇文章一定可以做得很好。