To fully understand the concept of the "Paperless Office",one must understand what it conceptually was supposed to mean,as well as what it has evolved into as its current form.Early forms of the paperless office would have concentrated around word processing documents and the ability to create,store and manage their existence electronically.However,you were limited in scope as to what you could do to"manage"these documents.Most of the management revolved around viewing and perhaps sharing it with other users in the organization.There were no automated programs that handled workflow,scanning,tagging and management of these documents effectively.Scanners were (at a cost-effective price)too expensive for the average office to acquire based on the return on investment.At the corporate level,there was no direction as to handle workflow and to analyze where paper came from and where it had to go internally and if there was a process in place,the tools were not mature enough or existing to handle it.

　　In the last few years,technology has finally been catching up to the needs and requirements of the office environment.Scanners that previously cost tens of thousands of dollars now can be acquired for hundreds.Digital copiers/printers now incorporate high speed scanning and OCR capability,even at the lowest levels.The technology initiative has now been transferred to the IT and MIS departments of corporations as well as law firms.Clearly,the tools necessary to transform paper-full to a paperless office are now widely available.What then,is stopping the widespread adoption of the concept of the paperless office?Cultural issues are probably one of the largest obstructions to the implementation of the concept of the paperless office.Plainly,people feel comfortable doing what they know how to do best(shuffle paper around)and modifying theirhabits requires a focus that makes them feel that they are,in fact,doing things better and more efficiently.Implementing a paperless office environment that introduces processes that are more difficult and technologically challenging than the previous environment is doomed to fail from the start,Keep all processes simple,introdu ce technology that is easy to learn and use,and document the workflow.

　　1.What did the early forms of paperless office lack for efficient management?

　　2.Scanners used not to be considered worthwhile when a company considers its_________________.

　　3.It is implied that the concept of the paperless office is now adopted on a______________________scale.

　　4.It is found that most people refuse the concept of the paperless office due to____________________factor.

　　5.What does the author think about the processes of the paperless office environment in comparison with the paper-full office environment?

　　答案：

　　1.[Automated programs.]

　　[定位]根據(jù)efficient management查找到首段第5句。

　　解析：首段主要講述早期無紙化辦公的特點，其中第5句There were no automated programs that handled... management... effectively.表明automated programs對高效管理至關(guān)重要，而早前的無紙化辦公缺少的恰巧就是這個。因此automated programs為本題答案。

　　2.[return on investment]

　　[定位]根據(jù)Scanners查找到首段第6句。

　　解析：原文該句中的based on...用于表達要從哪個因素出發(fā)考慮掃描儀是否值得購買，從該句可知return on investment就是要考慮的因素，為本題答案。

　　3.[small]

　　[定位]根據(jù)the concept of the paperless office和aolopted查找到第2段第6句。

　　解析：原文該句表明無紙化辦公的概念未能被“廣泛”采用，換句話說，這個概念只在“小范圍”內(nèi)被采用，即on a small scale，因此small為本題答案。

　　4.[cultural]

　　[定位]根據(jù)refuse查找到第2段第7句。

　　解析：原文該句表明文化方面的問題是無紙化辦公難以實施的最大阻礙，可見本題答案應(yīng)為“文化”因素，即cultural。

　　5.[More difficult and technologically challenging.]

　　[定位]根據(jù)processes和paperless office environment查找到第2段倒數(shù)第2句。

　　解析：原文該句比較了paperless office environment和the previous environment，而根據(jù)上文可以推斷the previous environment指的就是paper-full office environment,因此，原文定語從句中的比較點more difficult and technologically challenging為本題答案。

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