考研英語(yǔ)翻譯試題及答案解析

　　下面是小編整理的考研英語(yǔ)翻譯練習(xí)題，歡迎大家前來(lái)參考。

　　The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.

　　If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparation for his or her career.

　　(48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

　　Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.

　　重點(diǎn)詞匯：

　　discipline:

　　[記](méi)聯(lián)想記憶：dis(不)+cip(拿)+line(線)——不拿老百姓一針一線——紀(jì)律

　　n.紀(jì)律，規(guī)定 [例]Without discipline, there is no method.沒(méi)有規(guī)矩，不成方圓。

　　學(xué)科 [例]We will set up a new academic discipline in our school.我們將在學(xué)校設(shè)立一門新的理論學(xué)科。

　　訓(xùn)練 [例]The mountaineer has been under perfect discipline. 那登山隊(duì)員受過(guò)良好的訓(xùn)練。

　　[派]disciplined a.受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的，遵守紀(jì)律的

　　preserve:

　　[記](méi)詞根記憶：pre(預(yù)先)+serve(保持)——便于長(zhǎng)久保存而預(yù)先采取措施——保護(hù)，保藏

　　Vt.保護(hù)，維持 [例]preserve one’s eyesight 保護(hù)視力

　　保存，保藏 [例]Tom preserved the meat in the fridge.湯姆將肉保存在了冰箱里。

　　腌制 [例]The local people use smokehouses to preserve tons of fish and other seafood annually.每年，當(dāng)?shù)厝死�用熏制室�?lái)腌制成噸的魚(yú)和其它海產(chǎn)品。

　　parallel:

　　[記](méi)para(類似)+llel——類似的

　　a.平行的，并聯(lián)的 [例]parallel lines 平行線

　　[考]run parallel to/ with 與…平行;parallel to/ with 平行的，并聯(lián)的

　　competent:

　　[記](méi)來(lái)自compete(vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng))，com(加強(qiáng))+pete(競(jìng)爭(zhēng))——競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

　　a。有能力的，勝任的 [例]Young as he is ,this new manager is really competent.這位新來(lái)的經(jīng)理盡管很年輕，但是非常有能力。

　　[派]incompetent a.不合格的，不勝任的;competently ad。勝任地，適合地

　　interpretations:

　　[記](méi)來(lái)自interpret——inter(在…之間)+prêt——在兩種語(yǔ)言之間——口譯

　　Vt。解釋，說(shuō)明 [例]The professor asked me to interpret the long difficult sentence in front of the class.教授讓我在全班同學(xué)面前解釋那句又長(zhǎng)又難得句子

　　了解，認(rèn)為 [例]I interpreted her answer as a refusal.我把她的回答理解為是一種拒絕。

　　口譯 [例]I interpreted the ambassador’s remarks for everybody.我為大家口譯了大使的話。

　　[派]interpretation n.解釋;口譯;interpreter n.口譯者，解釋者

　　well-grounded: ad.基礎(chǔ)牢固的, 有充分根據(jù)的

　　翻譯題解：

　　46. Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.

　　句子分段： Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions || as the special preserve of lawyers, || rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 1) 主干結(jié)構(gòu)：簡(jiǎn)單句legal learning has been viewed as...rather than...;2) view...as中間插入介詞詞組in such institutions作狀語(yǔ)，該詞組的含義要到前一句話中去找，指的是“Canadian universities”。

　　詞的處理： institution機(jī)構(gòu);special preserve專門的工作;intellectual equipment知識(shí)素養(yǎng);educated受過(guò)良好教育的

　　參考譯文：

　　傳統(tǒng)上，在加拿大的高等學(xué)府里，學(xué)習(xí)法律一直被看作是律師的專門工作，而不是一個(gè)受過(guò)良好教育的人所必須具備的知識(shí)素養(yǎng)。

　　47. On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.

　　句子分段： On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner || which is parallel to the links || journalists forge on a daily basis || as they cover and comment on the news.

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 1) 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句+省略引導(dǎo)詞的定語(yǔ)從句+as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句;2) these concepts的含義也要到前邊的句子中去找，指的是前面提到的justice, democracy and freedom;3) which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句which is...the news修飾manner，其中包含了定語(yǔ)從句journalists...daily basis，修飾links以及as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　詞的處理： concept觀念;everyday reality日常生活中的實(shí)際情況;in a...manner以……方式;parallel類似的，相似的;forge使形成;on a basis以……為基礎(chǔ);cover報(bào)道

　　參考譯文：

　　另一方面，法律又將正義、民主和自由這些觀念與日常生活中的實(shí)際聯(lián)系在一起，其方式就如同新聞工作者在報(bào)道和評(píng)論新聞事件時(shí)，以日常生活為基礎(chǔ)，使這些觀念與實(shí)際情況相結(jié)合一樣。

　　48. But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

　　句子分段： But the idea || that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen || rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 1) 主語(yǔ)+that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句+謂語(yǔ)(rest on)+賓語(yǔ)(an understanding of...);2) the established conventions和special responsibilities均修飾news media。

　　詞的處理： profoundly深刻地;rest on建立在……之上，以……為基礎(chǔ)或根據(jù);understanding理解，共識(shí);established既定的，確認(rèn)的;convention規(guī)范;news media新聞媒體

　　參考譯文：

　　但是，新聞工作者對(duì)于法律的理解應(yīng)該比普通公民更加深刻，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是在對(duì)于新聞媒體的既定規(guī)范和特殊的社會(huì)責(zé)任有深刻認(rèn)識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)之上建立的。

　　49. In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

　　句子分段： In fact, it is difficult to see || how journalists || who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution || can do a competent job on political stories.

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 1) 形式主語(yǔ)it+表語(yǔ)+真實(shí)主語(yǔ)how...political stories;2) 真實(shí)主語(yǔ)是how引導(dǎo)的從句，該從句的主語(yǔ)是journalists，謂語(yǔ)部分是can do...;who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾journalists。

　　詞的處理： see設(shè)想，想象;grasp領(lǐng)會(huì)，理解;basic feature基本特點(diǎn);competent令人滿意的;story新聞報(bào)道

　　參考譯文：

　　實(shí)際上，很難想象那些對(duì)于加拿大憲法的基本特點(diǎn)缺乏清晰了解的新聞工作者能夠勝任政治新聞報(bào)道的工作。

　　50. While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.

　　句子分段：While comment and reaction from lawyers || may enhance stories, || it is preferable for journalists || to rely on their own notions of significance and || make their own judgments.

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)：while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句+形式主語(yǔ)it+真實(shí)主語(yǔ)to rely on...and make...。

　　詞的處理： reaction反應(yīng);enhance提高，提升;preferable更可取的，更好的;rely on依靠，依賴;notion見(jiàn)解，看法;significance重要性，意義;make one’s own judgment作出自己的判斷

　　參考譯文：

　　律師的評(píng)論和反應(yīng)當(dāng)然能夠提升新聞報(bào)道的價(jià)值，但是，記者們最好還是依靠自己對(duì)于事件重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)來(lái)做出判斷。

　　全文翻譯：

　　幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，有關(guān)法律的研究一直被看成是歐洲各國(guó)大學(xué)的一門基本的知識(shí)學(xué)科。不過(guò)，只是在最近幾年有關(guān)法律的研究才成為加拿大大學(xué)教育的一門學(xué)科。傳統(tǒng)上，在加拿大的高等學(xué)府里，學(xué)習(xí)法律一直被看作是律師的專門工作，而不是一個(gè)受過(guò)良好教育的人所必須具備的知識(shí)素養(yǎng)。幸運(yùn)的是，加拿大的許多大學(xué)正在樹(shù)立法律教育更傳統(tǒng)、更具有大陸特性的觀念，有些甚至已經(jīng)開(kāi)始授予法律學(xué)士學(xué)位。

　　如果有關(guān)法律的研究正在開(kāi)始成為普通教育一個(gè)不可缺少的學(xué)科的話，那么它的目的和方法應(yīng)該會(huì)即刻吸引新聞學(xué)教育家。法律是一門學(xué)科，這門學(xué)科鼓勵(lì)進(jìn)行有責(zé)任的判斷。一方面，它為分析像公正、民主以及自由這樣的概念提供機(jī)會(huì)。另一方面，法律又將正義、民主和自由這些觀念與日常生活中的實(shí)際聯(lián)系在一起，其方式就如同新聞工作者在報(bào)道和評(píng)論新聞事件時(shí)，以日常生活為基礎(chǔ)，使這些觀念與實(shí)際情況相結(jié)合一樣。比如，有關(guān)證據(jù)和事實(shí)、基本權(quán)利和公眾利益這樣的概念在新聞判斷和新聞制作過(guò)程中起作用，就像在法庭上一樣。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)并且反省法律來(lái)強(qiáng)化判斷是一名新聞?dòng)浾邽槠涫聵I(yè)進(jìn)行知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備時(shí)渴望實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

　　但是，新聞工作者對(duì)于法律的理解應(yīng)該比普通公民更加深刻，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是在對(duì)于新聞媒體的既定規(guī)范和特殊的社會(huì)責(zé)任有深刻認(rèn)識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)之上建立的。政治，或者更廣泛一點(diǎn)，國(guó)家的職能，是新聞?dòng)浾邎?bào)道的一個(gè)主要方面。他們對(duì)國(guó)家運(yùn)作的方式了解越多，他們的報(bào)道就越優(yōu)秀。實(shí)際上，很難想象那些對(duì)于加拿大憲法的基本特點(diǎn)缺乏清晰了解的新聞工作者能夠勝任政治新聞報(bào)道的工作。

　　此外，法律體系以及其中發(fā)生的事件是新聞?dòng)浾邎?bào)道的主題。雖然與法律有關(guān)的新聞報(bào)道的性質(zhì)差別很大，但是，許多新聞?dòng)浾哌^(guò)分依賴律師提供給他們的詮釋。律師的評(píng)論和反應(yīng)當(dāng)然能夠提升新聞報(bào)道的價(jià)值，但是，記者們最好還是依靠自己對(duì)于事件重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)來(lái)做出判斷。

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