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高考《英語》“主打”動(dòng)詞精華
對于英語學(xué)習(xí)者來說,動(dòng)詞是最難學(xué)的一個(gè)實(shí)詞類別?v觀歷屆高考命題,有關(guān)動(dòng)詞的內(nèi)容占的比例相當(dāng)大,它常常與時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語境交際等諸方面揉合起來,進(jìn)行綜合測試。通過研悟高考試題,我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)?嫉目扇牲c(diǎn)的高考英語“主打”動(dòng)詞有以下一些。
一、表示“使/讓……”概念的動(dòng)詞
這類動(dòng)詞常見的有:have,let,make,get,keep,drive,send,leave,force,cause等.它們后邊分別可跟不定式,分詞,形容詞、介詞短語,名詞等作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
例如:I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long.對不起,讓你久等了。
The victory sent our spirits rising.勝利使得我們情緒高漲。
二、不定式做賓補(bǔ),不定式符號可以省略的動(dòng)詞
常見的有;see,watch,hear,observe,feel,notice,listen to,llook at等感官動(dòng)詞及表示使役概念的have,let,mak等。這類詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),其后不定式符號 to常補(bǔ)出。
例如:We are made to work far into the night.我們被迫干活到深夜。注;在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,watch,have,let一般不變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。如: The boy was watched to come out。(誤)
三、不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,其后內(nèi)容省略而只保留不定式符號的動(dòng)詞此類動(dòng)詞常見的有;
refuse,want,intend,oblige,mean,expect,tell,hope,like,love,plan, try, prefer,wish等。例如:-----Why did you cause the baby cry?------Idid nt mean to.
四、引導(dǎo)賓語從句用虛擬預(yù)期的動(dòng)詞這類動(dòng)詞在引導(dǎo)賓語從句從句時(shí)常用:
should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可以省略,常見的有:order ,demend,suggest,insist,require,advise,decide,propose等。例如He orderd that we should do it at once.他要求我們立即完成這項(xiàng)工作。He adviced we should do more speaking practising inorder to improve ourEnglish.他建議我們要想提高英語水平應(yīng)練習(xí)說。
五、形主動(dòng)、意義被動(dòng)的詞常見的有:
work,open,close,write,cut,look,teach,operate,run,keep,burn,last等。此類詞的主語常為物。而且還常與表示特征、狀況、行為、方式的副詞well,easily,long等連用。例如;The clothing sells well. This kind of fruit can keep long.
六、行為動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)系動(dòng)詞的詞
這類動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞詞組,其后須帶有表語(名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語,不定式,V-ing,V-ed)構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),常見的有feel, sound, taste, look, smell, seem, appear, become, turn, grow, make, go, run, keep, stay, prove等。例如;It sounded like a train that was going under my house.聽起來,象有火車在樓下飛馳而過。
Keep fit,study hard and wok well.身體好,學(xué)習(xí)好,工作好。
七、只接名詞作賓語的詞
此類動(dòng)詞常見的有: apprecate, adcice,suggest, compiete, finish,consider,enjoy,imagine,mind,miss,practise,keep, delay,risk,excuse,resist,avoid,escape,admit,forgive, permit,require,prevent,pardon,allow等。例如:I appreciate her devoting herself to the cause of education.我非常欽佩她獻(xiàn)身教育的精神。Do you mind my asking a question?我問你一個(gè)問題你不介意吧?
八、既可接現(xiàn)在分詞又可接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞
此類動(dòng)詞常見的有:get,keep,have,leave,find,see,notice,hear等。例如:The two cheats had the lighes burning all night long. Yesday XiaoMing had his hair cut,I hardly recognized him.
九、同一詞語用作及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞
此類及物與不及物用法是有區(qū)別的,常見的有;work,
[2017高考《英語》“主打”動(dòng)詞精華]
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